{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:59:39Z","timestamp":1784548779620,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>Accurate temperature monitoring of neonates is vital due to the significant morbidities and mortality associated with neonatal hypothermia. Many studies have compared different thermometers in neonates, however, there is a lack of consensus regarding which of the currently available thermometers is most suitable for use in neonates.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>The aim of this review was to identify and compare current methods available for temperature monitoring of neonates beyond the delivery room, including the accuracy, advantages and disadvantages of each.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>A recent search and narrative synthesis of relevant studies published between January 1, 1949 and May 5, 2021 on the OVID Medline, PubMed and Google Scholar databases.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>A total of 160 papers were retrieved for narrative synthesis. The main methods available for temperature monitoring in neonates are human touch and mercury-in-glass, electronic, infrared tympanic and other infrared thermometers. Newer innovations that are also available include liquid crystal thermometers and the BEMPU TempWatch. This paper discusses the current evidence available regarding the utility of these devices, and identifies barriers to valid comparison of different thermometry methods.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>Many methods for temperature monitoring in neonates are currently available, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. However, the accuracies of different devices are hard to determine due to variable methodologies used in relevant studies and hence, further research that addresses these gaps is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.732810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T08:59:38Z","timestamp":1629795578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Temperature Monitoring Devices in Neonates"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Donna","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Thermal Protection of the Newborn: A Practical Guide","year":"1997"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-24","article-title":"The global burden of neonatal hypothermia: systematic review of a major challenge for newborn survival","volume":"11","author":"Lunze","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.4.659","article-title":"The EPICure study: outcomes to discharge from hospital for infants born at the threshold of viability","volume":"106","author":"Costeloe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02752343","article-title":"Neonatal morbidity in a hospital at Shimla","volume":"66","author":"Kaushik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01628.x","article-title":"Control of temperature during newborn transport: an old problem with new difficulties","volume":"33","author":"Bowman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmh098","article-title":"Neonatal hypothermia in Uganda: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"51","author":"Byaruhanga","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199006000-00006","article-title":"Risk factors for infantile hypothermia in early neonatal life","volume":"6","author":"Zabelle","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.103","article-title":"Risk of mortality associated with neonatal hypothermia in southern Nepal","volume":"164","author":"Mullany","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F52","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.82.1.F52","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycaemia in Nepal 2. 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