{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:54:08Z","timestamp":1790466848491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":339,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Total body irradiation (TBI) has been a pivotal component of the conditioning regimen for allogeneic myeloablative haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in very-high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) for decades, especially in children and young adults. The myeloablative conditioning regimen has two aims: (1) to eradicate leukaemic cells, and (2) to prevent rejection of the graft through suppression of the recipient's immune system. Radiotherapy has the advantage of achieving an adequate dose effect in sanctuary sites and in areas with poor blood supply. However, radiotherapy is subject to radiobiological trade-offs between ALL cell destruction, immune and haematopoietic stem cell survival, and various adverse effects in normal tissue. To diminish toxicity, a shift from single-fraction to fractionated TBI has taken place. However, HSCT and TBI are still associated with multiple late sequelae, leaving room for improvement. This review discusses the past developments of TBI and considerations for dose, fractionation and dose-rate, as well as issues regarding TBI setup performance, limitations and possibilities for improvement. TBI is typically delivered using conventional irradiation techniques and centres have locally developed heterogeneous treatment methods and ways to achieve reduced doses in several organs. There are, however, limitations in options to shield organs at risk without compromising the anti-leukaemic and immunosuppressive effects of conventional TBI. Technological improvements in radiotherapy planning and delivery with highly conformal TBI or total marrow irradiation (TMI), and total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) have opened the way to investigate the potential reduction of radiotherapy-related toxicities without jeopardising efficacy. The demonstration of the superiority of TBI compared with chemotherapy-only conditioning regimens for event-free and overall survival in the randomised For Omitting Radiation Under Majority age (FORUM) trial in children with high-risk ALL makes exploration of the optimal use of TBI delivery mandatory. Standardisation and comprehensive reporting of conventional TBI techniques as well as cooperation between radiotherapy centres may help to increase the ratio between treatment outcomes and toxicity, and future studies must determine potential added benefit of innovative conformal techniques to ultimately improve quality of life for paediatric ALL patients receiving TBI-conditioned HSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.774348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T06:43:13Z","timestamp":1638513793000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Total Body Irradiation in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: Review of the Literature and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bianca A. W.","family":"Hoeben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Y. C.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lotte S.","family":"Fog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Losert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea R.","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren M.","family":"Bentzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Balduzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Specht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-2265.2004.00203.x","article-title":"History of pediatric stem cell transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Storb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-331835","article-title":"Long-term health-related outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer treated with HSCT versus conventional therapy: a report from the bone marrow transplant survivor study (BMTSS) and childhood cancer survivor study (CCSS)","volume":"118","author":"Armenian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3784","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-03-082933","article-title":"Late mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and functional status of long-term survivors: report from the bone marrow transplant survivor study","volume":"110","author":"Bhatia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2016.139","article-title":"Incidence and severity of crucial late effects after allogeneic HSCT for malignancy under the age of 3 years: TBI is what really matters","volume":"51","author":"Bresters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-018-0719-5","article-title":"Long-term effects of myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"20","author":"Lawitschka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3129","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-229369","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of chronic health conditions after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a report from the Bone marrow transplant survivor study","volume":"116","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-960X(92)90019-M","article-title":"Conditioning regimens for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Copelan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.12.348","article-title":"Trends in utilization of total body irradiation (TBI) prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) worldwide","volume":"18","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.6","article-title":"Indications for allo- and auto-SCT for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: current practice in Europe, 2015","volume":"50","author":"Sureda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.47","article-title":"Current European practice in pediatric myeloablative conditioning","volume":"41","author":"Vettenranta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3863","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-07-514448","article-title":"Better leukemia-free and overall survival in AML in first remission following cyclophosphamide in combination with busulfan compared with TBI","volume":"122","author":"Copelan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.249458","article-title":"Comparison of total body irradiation versus non-total body irradiation containing regimens for de novo acute myeloid leukemia in children","volume":"106","author":"Dandoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.08.011","article-title":"Comparison of outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia in remission and undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with myeloablative conditioning regimens based on either intravenous busulfan or total body irradiation: a report from the Japanese society for hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"21","author":"Ishida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2016.11.022","article-title":"Impact of conditioning regimen on outcomes for children with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing transplantation in first complete remission. An analysis on behalf of the pediatric disease working party of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Lucchini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704198","article-title":"Randomized trial of busulfan vs total body irradiation containing conditioning regimens for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a pediatric blood and marrow transplant consortium study","volume":"32","author":"Bunin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.2.340","article-title":"Comparison of preparative regimens in transplants for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Davies","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.5144\/1658-3876.2011.17","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide plus total body irradiation compared with busulfan plus cyclophosphamide as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0854-0","article-title":"Myeloablative conditioning for allo-HSCT in pediatric ALL: FTBI or chemotherapy?","volume":"55","author":"Willasch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.02529","article-title":"Total body irradiation or chemotherapy conditioning in childhood ALL: a multinational, randomized, noninferiority phase III study","volume":"39","author":"Peters","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(83)90393-0","article-title":"Interstitial pneumonitis following bone marrow transplantation after low dose rate total body irradiation","volume":"9","author":"Barrett","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-53-633-894","article-title":"A technique for total body irradiation in the treatment of patients with acute leukaemia","volume":"53","author":"Lawrence","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Radiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90179-Z","article-title":"Clinical basis for TBI fractionation","volume":"18","author":"Cosset","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(84)90163-9","article-title":"Cataracts after total body irradiation and marrow transplantation: a sparing effect of dose fractionation","volume":"10","author":"Deeg","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(82)90083-9","article-title":"Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemic in first remission using fractionated or single-dose irradiation","volume":"8","author":"Thomas","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246-020-00878-z","article-title":"Total body irradiation in Australia and New Zealand: results of a practice survey","volume":"43","author":"Fog","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Eng Sci Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28768","article-title":"Extreme heterogeneity of myeloablative total body irradiation techniques in clinical practice: a survey of the acute leukemia working party of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation","volume":"120","author":"Giebel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2020.10.032","article-title":"Towards homogenization of total body irradiation practices in pediatric patients across SIOPE affiliated centers. A survey by the SIOPE radiation oncology working group","volume":"155","author":"Hoeben","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1715","article-title":"Practice patterns of pediatric total body irradiation techniques: a children's oncology group survey","author":"Rassiah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-8-92","article-title":"Total body irradiation (TBI) using helical tomotherapy in children and young adults undergoing stem cell transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Gruen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-019-1445-3","article-title":"Novel rotatable tabletop for total-body irradiation using a linac-based VMAT technique","volume":"14","author":"Losert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12257","article-title":"Volumetric modulated arc therapy for total body irradiation: a feasibility study using pinnacle(3) treatment planning system and Elekta Agility\u2122 linac","volume":"19","author":"Symons","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e477","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30342-9","article-title":"Total marrow and total lymphoid irradiation in bone marrow transplantation for acute leukaemia","volume":"21","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701334","article-title":"Survival, disease-free survival and adverse effects of conditioning for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with busulfan\/cyclophosphamide vs total body irradiation: a meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Hartman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.04.015","article-title":"Factors associated with long-term risk of relapse after unrelated cord blood transplantation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission","volume":"23","author":"Page","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2012.09.019","article-title":"Transplantation conditioning regimens and outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"19","author":"Tracey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.16","article-title":"Next-generation sequencing indicates false-positive MRD results and better predicts prognosis after SCT in patients with childhood ALL","volume":"52","author":"Kotrova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.03.034","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes in children with high-risk B-cell precursor and T-cell relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: combined analysis of ALLR3 and ALL-REZ BFM 2002 clinical trials","volume":"151","author":"Eckert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro J Cancer."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3393","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000449","article-title":"More precisely defining risk peri-HCT in pediatric ALL: pre- vs post-MRD measures, serial positivity, and risk modeling","volume":"3","author":"Bader","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12639","article-title":"Minimal residual disease before and after transplantation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: is there any room for intervention?","volume":"164","author":"Balduzzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.07.005","article-title":"Phase II study of sequential infusion of donor lymphocyte infusion and cytokine-induced killer cells for patients relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Introna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13142","article-title":"Persistent MRD before and after allogeneic BMT predicts relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","volume":"168","author":"Sutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2016.10.006","article-title":"Pre-emptive immunotherapy for clearance of molecular disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia after transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Rettinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2016.11.012","article-title":"The value of minimal residual disease (and diamonds)","volume":"23","author":"Balduzzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.103","article-title":"Risk factors and timing of relapse after allogeneic transplantation in pediatric ALL: for whom and when should interventions be tested?","volume":"50","author":"Pulsipher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28079","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28079","article-title":"The impact of total body irradiation-based regimens on outcomes in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"67","author":"Friend","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B46","unstructured":""},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.777108","article-title":"Minimal residual disease prior to and after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: what level of negativity is relevant?","author":"Merli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90150-8","article-title":"Radiobiological features of human pluripotent bone marrow progenitor cells (CFU-GEMM)","volume":"17","author":"Uckun","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(85)90315-3","article-title":"Radiation response of human normal and leukemic hemopoietic cells assayed by in vitro colony formation","volume":"11","author":"Kimler","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15087.1","article-title":"Effects of low-to-moderate doses of gamma radiation on mouse hematopoietic system","volume":"190","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiat Res."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.2307\/3577994","article-title":"Radiation sensitivity of the hemopoietic stem cell","volume":"128","author":"van Bekkum","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiat Res."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(83)90413-3","article-title":"Cell survival kinetics in peripheral blood and bone marrow during total body irradiation for marrow transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Shank","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2015.11.012","article-title":"Marrow damage and hematopoietic recovery following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemias: effect of radiation dose and conditioning regimen","volume":"118","author":"Wilke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-60-711-279","article-title":"The implications of in-vitro radiation-survival curves for the optimal scheduling of total-body irradiation with bone marrow rescue in the treatment of leukaemia","volume":"60","author":"O'Donoghue","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Radiol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb00194.x","article-title":"Heterogeneous X-ray survival characteristics of lymphocytes in prolymphocytic leukaemia: mathematical analysis distinguishing delayed cell death and true radioresistance","volume":"53","author":"Thomson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-4296(05)80028-1","article-title":"Radiobiological and clinical bases for total body irradiation in the leukemias and lymphomas","volume":"5","author":"Cosset","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)90320-4","article-title":"Radiobiological features of acute myeloblastic leukemia: comparison of self-renewal versus terminally differentiated populations","volume":"30","author":"Cowen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/09553008514552651","article-title":"Radiation response of haematopoietic cell lines of human origin","volume":"49","author":"Lehnert","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.139.2.6939019","article-title":"In vitro radiosensitivity of human leukemia cell lines","volume":"139","author":"Weichselbaum","year":"1981","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90466-9","article-title":"Radiation resistance of primary clonogenic blasts from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"27","author":"Uckun","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.4471","article-title":"Genetic network profiles associated with established resistance to ionizing radiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells and their extracellular vesicles","volume":"35","author":"Monzen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.10.006","article-title":"Bioeffect modeling and equieffective dose concepts in radiation oncology\u2013terminology, quantities and units","volume":"105","author":"Bentzen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(81)90195-4","article-title":"Radiobiological basis of total body irradiation with different dose rate and fractionation: repair capacity of hemopoietic cells","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B64","first-page":"1431","article-title":"Radiation damage repair capacity of primary clonogenic blasts in acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"53","author":"Uckun","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(93)90041-6","article-title":"Hyperfractionation versus single dose irradiation in human acute lymphocytic leukemia cells: application to TBI for marrow transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Shank","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(86)90417-7","article-title":"Effect of X-irradiation dose rate on the clonagenic survival of human and experimental animal hematopoietic tumor cell lines: evidence for heterogeneity","volume":"12","author":"FitzGerald","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(00)00255-3","article-title":"Radiobiological modelling of the treatment of leukaemia by total body irradiation","volume":"58","author":"Wheldon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.14.173","article-title":"Radiogenomics: the search for genetic predictors of radiotherapy response","volume":"10","author":"Kerns","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70302-3","article-title":"Independent validation of genes and polymorphisms reported to be associated with radiation toxicity: a prospective analysis study","volume":"13","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.07.026","article-title":"The implications of genetic testing on radiation therapy decisions: a guide for radiation oncologists","volume":"105","author":"Bergom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V12.8.746.746","article-title":"Experimental treatment of total-body irradiation injury: a brief review","volume":"12","author":"Congdon","year":"1957","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197504172921605","article-title":"Bone-marrow transplantation (first of two parts)","volume":"292","author":"Thomas","year":"1975","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197504242921706","article-title":"Bone-marrow transplantation (second of two parts)","volume":"292","author":"Thomas","year":"1975","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B74","first-page":"425","article-title":"Effect of total-body irradiation on the transplantability of mouse leukemias","volume":"20","author":"Burchenal","year":"1960","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197006000-00006","article-title":"A compendium of reported human bone marrow transplants","volume":"9","author":"Bortin","year":"1970","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V49.4.511.bloodjournal494511","article-title":"One hundred patients with acute leukemia treated by chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and allogeneic marrow transplantation","volume":"49","author":"Thomas","year":"1977","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(80)90241-2","article-title":"Total body irradiation conference: discussion: the radiobiological bases of TBI","volume":"6","author":"Peters","year":"1980","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B78","first-page":"151","article-title":"Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first remission: toxicity and long-term follow-up of patients conditioned with single dose or fractionated total body irradiation","volume":"1","author":"Deeg","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(87)80197-4","article-title":"Total body irradiation\u2013review of treatment techniques in Europe","volume":"9","author":"Quast","year":"1987","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1989.tb00254.x","article-title":"The effect of total body irradiation dose and chronic graft-versus-host disease on leukaemic relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"73","author":"Frassoni","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90105-3","article-title":"Total body irradiation in acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia: influence of dose and dose-rate on leukemia relapse","volume":"17","author":"Scarpati","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(92)90909-2","article-title":"Marrow transplantation following escalating doses of fractionated total body irradiation and cyclophosphamide\u2013a phase I trial","volume":"23","author":"Petersen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00068-6","article-title":"Interstitial pneumonitis in acute leukemia patients submitted to T-depleted matched and mismatched bone marrow transplantation","volume":"41","author":"Aristei","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705710","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for children with hematological malignancies","volume":"40","author":"Ferry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(82)90579-X","article-title":"Risk factors in interstitial pneumonitis following allogenic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Pino y Torres","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02169.x","article-title":"Fractionated total body irradiation in marrow transplantation for leukaemia","volume":"55","author":"Vitale","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B87","first-page":"4109","article-title":"Final height of patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation for hematological disorders during childhood: a study by the working party for late effects-EBMT","volume":"93","author":"Cohen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0936-6555(05)80695-8","article-title":"Fractionated total body irradiation: some radiobiological considerations","volume":"5","author":"Muller-Runkel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(86)80035-4","article-title":"Fractionated versus low dose-rate total body irradiation. Radiobiological considerations in the selection of regimes","volume":"7","author":"O'Donoghue","year":"1986","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1148\/131.1.243","article-title":"Radiobiological considerations in the use of total-body irradiation for bone-marrow transplantation","volume":"131","author":"Peters","year":"1979","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.06.015","article-title":"Single-dose daily fractionation is not inferior to twice-a-day fractionated total-body irradiation before allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia: a useful practice simplification resulting from the SARASIN study","volume":"102","author":"Belkacemi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0470-z","article-title":"Less mucositis toxicity after 6 versus 3 fractions of high-dose total body irradiation before allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"54","author":"Sengelov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.9.1867.bloodjournal7691867","article-title":"Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first remission: a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens","volume":"76","author":"Clift","year":"1990","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.4.1455.splL2_1455_1456","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens for patients receiving allogeneic marrow transplants during first remission of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"92","author":"Clift","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00441-6","article-title":"Total body irradiation correlates with chronic graft versus host disease and affects prognosis of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving an HLA identical allogeneic bone marrow transplant","volume":"43","author":"Corvo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)01491-7","article-title":"Total body irradiation before allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: is more dose better?","volume":"49","author":"Bieri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-006-1528-6","article-title":"Biologically effective dose in total-body irradiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"182","author":"Kal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.01.003","article-title":"Fludarabine allows dose reduction for total body irradiation in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"68","author":"Kornguth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29087","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.29087","article-title":"Reduced-toxicity conditioning regimen with busulfan, fludarabine, rATG, and 400 cGy TBI in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant for high-risk hematologic malignancies","volume":"68","author":"Rossoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B100","first-page":"4","article-title":"Radiobiology of total body radiation","author":"Vriesendorp","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(85)80122-5","article-title":"Effect of dose-rate on total body irradiation: lethality and pathologic findings","volume":"4","author":"Travis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V77.3.661.661","article-title":"Syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow engraftment after total body irradiation: dependence on dose, dose rate, and fractionation","volume":"77","author":"Down","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73745","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073745","article-title":"Effect of radiation dose-rate on hematopoietic cell engraftment in adult zebrafish","volume":"8","author":"Glass","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/09553009314552011","article-title":"Compromising effect of low dose-rate total body irradiation on allogeneic bone marrow engraftment","volume":"64","author":"van Os","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(87)90046-0","article-title":"Fractionation and dose rate effects in mice: a model for bone marrow transplantation in man","volume":"13","author":"Tarbell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90161-O","article-title":"Radiobiological aspects of continuous low dose-rate irradiation and fractionated high dose-rate irradiation","volume":"19","author":"Turesson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(85)90102-6","article-title":"Response of the lung to intermittent irradiation: the importance of average versus instantaneous dose rate","volume":"11","author":"Lehnert","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00913-9","article-title":"Dose rate-dependent sparing of the gastrointestinal tract by fractionated total body irradiation in dogs given marrow autografts","volume":"40","author":"Storb","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(88)90307-0","article-title":"Single dose or fractionated total body irradiation and autologous marrow transplantation in dogs: effects of exposure rate, fraction size, and fractionation interval on acute and delayed toxicity","volume":"15","author":"Deeg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.09.002","article-title":"Influence of total body irradiation dose rate on idiopathic pneumonia syndrome in acute leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"103","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.02.034","article-title":"Higher reported lung dose received during total body irradiation for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with inferior survival: a report from the children's oncology group","volume":"104","author":"Esiashvili","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.981","article-title":"Prospective randomized comparison of single-dose versus hyperfractionated total-body irradiation in patients with hematologic malignancies","volume":"18","author":"Girinsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19920601)69:11<2853::AID-CNCR2820691135>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Total-body irradiation before bone marrow transplantation. Results of two randomized instantaneous dose rates in 157 patients","volume":"69","author":"Ozsahin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-007-0157-z","article-title":"Total body irradiation followed by bone marrow transplantation: comparison of once-daily and twice-daily fractionation regimens","volume":"25","author":"Soejima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiat Med."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.10.054","article-title":"Factors influencing pulmonary toxicity in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the setting of total body irradiation-based myeloablative conditioning","volume":"94","author":"Abugideiri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601751","article-title":"Total body irradiation and pneumonitis risk: a review of outcomes","volume":"90","author":"Carruthers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.02.032","article-title":"Dose response and factors related to interstitial pneumonitis after bone marrow transplant","volume":"63","author":"Sampath","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.12.009","article-title":"Impact of drug therapy, radiation dose, and dose rate on renal toxicity following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"71","author":"Cheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.02.021","article-title":"Renal dysfunction after total body irradiation: dose-effect relationship","volume":"65","author":"Kal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(95)01518-L","article-title":"Renal damage after total body irradiation in a mouse model for bone marrow transplantation: effect of radiation dose rate","volume":"34","author":"Safwat","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00077-7","article-title":"Cataracts after total body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation in patients with acute leukemia in complete remission: a study of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation","volume":"41","author":"Belkacemi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)90056-6","article-title":"Total-body irradiation and cataract incidence: a randomized comparison of two instantaneous dose rates","volume":"28","author":"Ozsahin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tipsro.2019.05.002","article-title":"A step and shoot intensity modulated technique for total body irradiation","volume":"10","author":"Fog","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tech Innov Pat Supp Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.02.020","article-title":"Determining the incidence of interstitial pneumonitis and chronic kidney disease following full intensity haemopoetic stem cell transplant conditioned using a forward-planned intensity modulated total body irradiation technique","volume":"158","author":"Durie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2017.11.002","article-title":"Volumetric modulated arc therapy based total body irradiation: workflow and clinical experience with an indexed rotational immobilization system","volume":"4","author":"Ouyang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-019-1296-y","article-title":"Effect of changes in monitor unit rate and energy on dose rate of total marrow irradiation based on linac volumetric arc therapy","volume":"14","author":"Son","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.08.005","article-title":"Total-body irradiation using linac-based volumetric modulated arc therapy: its clinical accuracy, feasibility and reliability","volume":"129","author":"Tas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-139282","article-title":"Total body irradiation among recipients of Tcr\u03b1\u03b2 \/CD19- depleted grafts in a cohort of children with hematologic malignances: single center experience","author":"Kobyzeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.08.010","article-title":"Radiation-related toxicities using organ sparing total marrow irradiation transplant conditioning regimens","volume":"105","author":"Shinde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701152104","article-title":"Distribution of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow according to regional hypoxia","volume":"104","author":"Parmar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13034","article-title":"Direct measurement of local oxygen concentration in the bone marrow of live animals","volume":"508","author":"Spencer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2217\/ijh.13.32","article-title":"Targeting hypoxia in the leukemia microenvironment","volume":"2","author":"Benito","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Hematol Oncol."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2016.00041","article-title":"Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in leukemias","volume":"6","author":"Deynoux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.20838","article-title":"Regulation of HIF-1alpha signaling and chemoresistance in acute lymphocytic leukemia under hypoxic conditions of the bone marrow microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Frolova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.10.016","article-title":"Implications and management of central nervous system involvement before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"22","author":"Aldoss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.04.020","article-title":"Utility of cranial boost in addition to total body irradiation in the treatment of high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"63","author":"Alexander","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26928","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26928","article-title":"Isolated late testicular relapse of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with intensive systemic chemotherapy and response-based testicular radiation: a children's oncology group study","volume":"65","author":"Barredo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.047","article-title":"CNS-directed therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: childhood ALL collaborative group overview of 43 randomized trials","volume":"21","author":"Clarke","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403843","article-title":"Overt testicular disease at diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: lack of therapeutic role of local irradiation","volume":"19","author":"Hijiya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.05.067","article-title":"Radiation in central nervous system leukemia: guidelines from the international lymphoma radiation oncology group","volume":"102","author":"Pinnix","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20413","article-title":"The incidence of testicular recurrence in boys with acute leukemia treated with total body and testicular irradiation and stem cell transplantation","volume":"101","author":"Quaranta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.11.013","article-title":"Augmenting total body irradiation with a cranial boost before stem cell transplantation protects against post-transplant central nervous system relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"24","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00272-6","article-title":"Craniospinal irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia with central nervous system disease at diagnosis: a report from the children's cancer group","volume":"36","author":"Cherlow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03471.x","article-title":"Non-endocrine late complications of bone marrow transplantation in childhood: part II","volume":"118","author":"Leiper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907013410103","article-title":"Long-term survival and late deaths after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Late effects working committee of the international bone marrow transplant registry","volume":"341","author":"Socie","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.3676","article-title":"Trends in late mortality and life expectancy after allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation over 4 decades: a blood or marrow transplant survivor study report","author":"Bhatia","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24252","article-title":"Late effects of total body irradiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplant in children under 3 years of age","volume":"60","author":"Mulcahy Levy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.56.2223","article-title":"Cognitive outcome after pediatric stem-cell transplantation: impact of age and total-body irradiation","volume":"32","author":"Willard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01191-4","article-title":"Effects of radiation on normal tissue: consequences and mechanisms","volume":"4","author":"Stone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)00446-R","article-title":"Fractionated or single-dose total body irradiation in 171 acute myeloblastic leukemias in first complete remission: is there a best choice? SFGM. Societe Francaise de Greffe de Moelle","volume":"31","author":"Resbeut","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2014.3","article-title":"Health status of childhood leukemia survivors who received hematopoietic cell transplantation after BU or TBI: an LEA study","volume":"49","author":"Bernard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1532\/IJH97.05046","article-title":"Influence of radiation dose rate and lung dose on interstitial pneumonitis after fractionated total body irradiation: acute parotitis may predict interstitial pneumonitis","volume":"83","author":"Oya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Hematol."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(99)00178-4","article-title":"Immediate toxicity during fractionated total body irradiation as conditioning for bone marrow transplantation","volume":"54","author":"Buchali","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708906","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.708906","article-title":"Pulmonary toxicity after total body irradiation \u2013 critical review of the literature and recommendations for toxicity reporting","volume":"11","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.05.035","article-title":"Long-term outcome after static intensity-modulated total body radiotherapy using compensators stratified by pediatric and adult cohorts","volume":"70","author":"Schneider","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(81)90032-8","article-title":"Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation: the relationship with total body irradiation","volume":"7","author":"Keane","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03038482","article-title":"Total-body irradiation before bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in first or second complete remission. Results and prognostic factors in 326 consecutive patients","volume":"174","author":"Belkac\u00e9mi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2126(82)90104-7","article-title":"Allogeneic marrow transplantation using fractionated total body irradiation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse","volume":"6","author":"Clift","year":"1982","journal-title":"Leukemia Res."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)02589-5","article-title":"Lethal pulmonary complications significantly correlate with individually assessed mean lung dose in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with total body irradiation","volume":"52","author":"Della Volpe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0936-6555(98)80034-4","article-title":"Toxicity and dosimetry of fractionated total body irradiation prior to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation using a straightforward radiotherapy technique","volume":"10","author":"Gerrard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02063-2","article-title":"Interstitial pneumonitis following autologous bone-marrow transplantation conditioned with cyclophosphamide and total-body irradiation","volume":"34","author":"Ozsahin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00578-6","article-title":"High-energy total body irradiation as preparation for bone marrow transplantation in leukemia patients: treatment technique and related complications","volume":"40","author":"Bradley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)00115-F","article-title":"Allogeneic marrow transplantation following cyclophosphamide and escalating doses of hyperfractionated total body irradiation in patients with advanced lymphoid malignancies: a phase I\/II trial","volume":"32","author":"Demirer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4859","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.11049","article-title":"Treatment complications and long-term outcomes of total body irradiation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a single institute experience","volume":"36","author":"de Felice","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20531","article-title":"Pulmonary function in long-term survivors of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"47","author":"Hoffmeister","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24702","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of pediatric patients receiving total body irradiation before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and post-transplant survival of >2 years","volume":"60","author":"Kunkele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3273","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.18.3273","article-title":"Late effects of treatment in survivors of childhood acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Leung","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-010-2089-2","article-title":"Total body irradiation (TBI) in pediatric patients. A single-center experience after 30 years of low-dose rate irradiation","volume":"186","author":"Linsenmeier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00246-5","article-title":"A comparison of single-dose and fractionated total-body irradiation on the development of pneumonitis following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"36","author":"Morgan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90446-X","article-title":"Technical modifications in hyperfractionated total body irradiation for T-lymphocyte deplete bone marrow transplant","volume":"17","author":"Lawton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704549","article-title":"Effects of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation on pulmonary function in 80 children in a single paediatric centre","volume":"34","author":"Bruno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.2.131","article-title":"Late pulmonary sequelae after childhood bone marrow transplantation","volume":"54","author":"Cerveri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.04.031","article-title":"Very late nonfatal consequences of fractionated TBI in children undergoing bone marrow transplant","volume":"63","author":"Faraci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.08.024","article-title":"Hepatic veno-occlusive disease following stem cell transplantation: incidence, clinical course, and outcome","volume":"16","author":"Coppell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2020.03.019","article-title":"Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome","volume":"44","author":"de Ledinghen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02742.x","article-title":"Review article: updates in the pathogenesis and therapy of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Helmy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2013.02.019","article-title":"Risk factors associated with liver injury and impact of liver injury on transplantation-related mortality in pediatric recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"19","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.349","article-title":"Hepatic veno-occlusive disease in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors, and outcome","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-10-534297","article-title":"The addition of sirolimus to tacrolimus\/methotrexate GVHD prophylaxis in children with ALL: a phase 3 children's oncology group\/pediatric blood and marrow transplant consortium trial","volume":"123","author":"Pulsipher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2014.12.008","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of preconditioning regimens on hepatic veno-occlusive disease in mice after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"98","author":"Qiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exper Mol Pathol."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701506","article-title":"Veno-occlusive disease of the liver after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in children with hematologic malignancies: incidence, onset time and risk factors","volume":"22","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B182","first-page":"694","article-title":"Is veno-occlusive disease incidence influenced by the total-body irradiation technique?","volume":"171","author":"Belkacemi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02408.x","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Ellis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2010.09.010","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.2.579","article-title":"Renal toxicity after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: the combined effects of total-body irradiation and graft-versus-host disease","volume":"14","author":"Miralbell","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.05.016","article-title":"Chronic kidney dysfunction in patients alive without relapse 2 years after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"15","author":"Abboud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2008.09.017","article-title":"Renal toxicity in children undergoing total body irradiation for bone marrow transplant","volume":"90","author":"Esiashvili","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-009-2022-8","article-title":"Long-term renal toxicity in children following fractionated total-body irradiation (TBI) before allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT)","volume":"185","author":"Gerstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705662","article-title":"Long-term renal function following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"39","author":"Gronroos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-021-01764-y","article-title":"Radiation-induced kidney toxicity: molecular and cellular pathogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Klaus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-005-1405-8","article-title":"Renal dysfunction after total-body irradiation. Significance of selective renal shielding blocks","volume":"181","author":"Igaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701022","article-title":"Long-term results of selective renal shielding in patients undergoing total body irradiation in preparation for bone marrow transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Lawton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00991.x","article-title":"Visual outcome and cataract development after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in children","volume":"85","author":"Fahnehjelm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.07.049","article-title":"Dose response for radiation cataractogenesis: a meta-regression of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation regimens","volume":"91","author":"Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B195","first-page":"3305","article-title":"Induction of severe cataract and late renal dysfunction following total body irradiation: dose-effect relationships","volume":"29","author":"Kal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704076","article-title":"Eye shielding during total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation in children transplanted for a hematological disorder: risks and benefits","volume":"31","author":"van Kempen-Harteveld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10773","article-title":"High prevalence of endocrine dysfunction in long-term survivors after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for hematologic diseases","volume":"95","author":"Tauchmanova","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2009.24.6.1071","article-title":"Endocrine complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during childhood and adolescence","volume":"24","author":"Jung","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci."},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0806-8","article-title":"Occurrence of long-term effects after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children affected by acute leukemia receiving either busulfan or total body irradiation: results of an AIEOP (associazione italiana ematologia oncologia pediatrica) retrospective study","volume":"55","author":"Saglio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-08-173005","article-title":"Thyroid function following hematopoietic cell transplantation in children: 30 years' experience","volume":"113","author":"Sanders","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.140053","article-title":"Late thyroid complications in survivors of childhood acute leukemia. An L.E.A. study","volume":"101","author":"Oudin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-009-1008-x","article-title":"Late toxicity in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with TBI-containing conditioning regimens for hematological malignancies","volume":"185","author":"Ricardi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1159\/000486034","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic disturbances in survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in childhood and adolescence","volume":"89","author":"Shalitin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hormone Res Paediatr."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.04.017","article-title":"Survival and late effects after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for hematologic malignancy at less than three years of age","volume":"23","author":"Vrooman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-011-1004-2","article-title":"Endocrine late effects after total body irradiation in patients who received hematopoietic cell transplantation during childhood: a retrospective study from a single institution","volume":"137","author":"Felicetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25603","article-title":"Early and progressive insulin resistance in young, non-obese cancer survivors treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"62","author":"Bizzarri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-05-022335","article-title":"Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular events in survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation: a report from the bone marrow transplantation survivor study","volume":"109","author":"Baker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02717-3","article-title":"Impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidaemia as late effects after bone-marrow transplantation in childhood","volume":"356","author":"Taskinen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.11.036","article-title":"Decreased adult height in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study","volume":"150","author":"Chow","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705875","article-title":"Growth and development after hematopoietic cell transplant in children","volume":"41","author":"Sanders","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30034-8","article-title":"Management of vertebral radiotherapy dose in paediatric patients with cancer: consensus recommendations from the SIOPE radiotherapy working group","volume":"20","author":"Hoeben","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000199550.71887.ba","article-title":"Patterns of growth and body proportions after total-body irradiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during childhood","volume":"59","author":"Bakker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705455","article-title":"Final height and gonad function after total body irradiation during childhood","volume":"38","author":"Couto-Silva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.370","article-title":"Height growth during adolescence and final height after haematopoietic SCT for childhood acute leukaemia: the impact of a conditioning regimen with BU or TBI","volume":"43","author":"Bernard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01957523","article-title":"Growth following single fraction and fractionated total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation","volume":"152","author":"Thomas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02930.x","article-title":"Growth hormone (GH) secretion and response to GH therapy after total body irradiation and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation during childhood","volume":"67","author":"Bakker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2528","article-title":"Final adult height of patients who received hematopoietic cell transplantation in childhood","volume":"105","author":"Sanders","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2011.139","article-title":"Growth hormone treatment impact on growth rate and final height of patients who received HSCT with TBI or\/and cranial irradiation in childhood: a report from the French leukaemia long-term follow-up study (LEA)","volume":"47","author":"Isfan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0852-2","article-title":"Vascular endothelial syndromes after HCT: 2020 update","volume":"55","author":"Carreras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07165.x","article-title":"Cardiac and cardiovascular consequences after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"142","author":"Tichelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2011.118","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"47","author":"Baker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12903","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome and its components in pediatric survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","author":"Bielorai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Transplant."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.05.016","article-title":"Increased cardiometabolic traits in pediatric survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with total body irradiation","volume":"16","author":"Chow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.08.005","article-title":"Vascular structure and function in cancer survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Dengel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e318159a593","article-title":"Endothelial function in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"30","author":"Dengel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0012.2002.02035.x","article-title":"Effects of total body irradiation on the vascular endothelium","volume":"16","author":"Takatsuka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Transplant."},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000000513","article-title":"The estimation of intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk factors in young survivors of childhood cancer","volume":"38","author":"Sadurska","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-1-201107050-00004","article-title":"Cardiovascular hospitalizations and mortality among recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"155","author":"Chow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-10-054080","article-title":"Premature cardiovascular disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation","volume":"110","author":"Tichelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4505","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-06-437178","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors: role in development of subsequent cardiovascular disease","volume":"120","author":"Armenian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.167","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in adults who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute childhood leukemia: an LEA study","volume":"50","author":"Oudin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2010.345","article-title":"Changes in echocardiographic measures of systolic and diastolic function in children 1 year after hematopoietic SCT","volume":"46","author":"Daly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.11.018","article-title":"Hypertension in long-term survivors of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"16","author":"Hoffmeister","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1159\/000455046","article-title":"Identifying cardiovascular risk in survivors of childhood leukaemia treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and total body irradiation","volume":"87","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hormone Res Paediatr."},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25616","article-title":"Radiotherapy-related arterial intima thickening and plaque formation in childhood cancer survivors detected with very-high resolution ultrasound during young adulthood","volume":"62","author":"Vatanen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01764","article-title":"Therapy-related cardiac risk in childhood cancer survivors: an analysis of the childhood cancer survivor study","volume":"37","author":"Bates","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsm080","article-title":"Factors related to changes in cognitive, educational and visual motor integration in children who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplant","volume":"33","author":"Barrera","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol."},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-017-0055-7","article-title":"Neurocognitive dysfunction in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: expert review from the late effects and quality of life working committee of the CIBMTR and complications and quality of life working party of the EBMT","volume":"53","author":"Buchbinder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02178-7","article-title":"Toxicities of total-body irradiation for pediatric bone marrow transplantation","volume":"34","author":"Chou","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1989.68.3c.1227","article-title":"Motor and cognitive testing of bone marrow transplant patients after chemoradiotherapy","volume":"68","author":"Parth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills."},{"key":"B241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21207","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of children who underwent hematopoeitic cell transplant (HCT) for AML or ALL at less than 3 years of age","volume":"49","author":"Perkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11525.x","article-title":"Sensory-motor and cognitive functioning in children who have undergone bone marrow transplantation","volume":"79","author":"Smedler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand."},{"key":"B243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.217","article-title":"Neuropsychological outcome in very young hematopoietic SCT recipients in relation to pretransplant conditioning","volume":"42","author":"Smedler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703683","article-title":"Cognitive and psychosocial functioning of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: a prospective longitudinal study","volume":"30","author":"Kupst","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-01125-5","article-title":"Neurocognitive functioning in long-term survivors of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"56","author":"Parris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.6135","article-title":"Cognitive and academic consequences of stem-cell transplantation in children","volume":"26","author":"Phipps","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200202000-00011","article-title":"Cognitive, behavioral, and social outcome in survivors of childhood stem cell transplantation","volume":"24","author":"Simms","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol."},{"key":"B248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-02-627414","article-title":"Chemotherapy-only treatment effects on long-term neurocognitive functioning in childhood ALL survivors: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Iyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1586\/ehm.10.65","article-title":"Impact of acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy on attention and working memory in children","volume":"3","author":"Reddick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol."},{"key":"B250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2020.11.073","article-title":"Neurocognitive effects and necrosis in childhood cancer survivors treated with radiation therapy: a PENTEC comprehensive review","author":"Mahajan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28224","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28224","article-title":"Long-term brain status and cognitive impairment in children treated for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia with and without allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center study","volume":"67","author":"Zajac-Spychala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-021-01063-1","article-title":"Long-term neurocognitive and quality of life outcomes in survivors of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cancer Surviv"},{"key":"B253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.47.0500","article-title":"Second malignant neoplasms after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"31","author":"Schmiegelow","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.6.1833","article-title":"Malignancies after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: many questions, some answers","volume":"91","author":"Deeg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2020_200214N131","article-title":"Total body irradiation is a crucial risk factor for developing secondary carcinomas after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in childhood","volume":"67","author":"Keslova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neoplasma."},{"key":"B256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.05.108","article-title":"New malignancies after blood or marrow stem-cell transplantation in children and adults: incidence and risk factors","volume":"21","author":"Baker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.4","article-title":"Subsequent malignant neoplasms in pediatric cancer patients treated with and without hematopoietic SCT","volume":"50","author":"Pole","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00004","article-title":"Malignant neoplasms in long-term survivors of bone marrow transplantation. Late effects working party of the European cooperative group for blood and marrow transplantation and the European late effect project group","volume":"131","author":"Kolb","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.04.004","article-title":"Risk factors for subsequent central nervous system tumors in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant: a study from the center for international blood and marrow transplant research (CIBMTR)","volume":"23","author":"Gabriel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.2.348","article-title":"New malignant diseases after allogeneic marrow transplantation for childhood acute leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Socie","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.63","article-title":"Secondary solid cancer screening following hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"50","author":"Inamoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019001126","article-title":"Late effects after ablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adolescent and young adult acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.10.025","article-title":"The spleen as an organ at risk in paediatric radiotherapy: a SIOP-Europe radiation oncology working group report","volume":"143","author":"Arunagiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro J Cancer."},{"key":"B264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3991","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.0457","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in body mass and composition in survivors of childhood hematologic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Inaba","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-01038-3","article-title":"Altered body composition in male long-term survivors of paediatric allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: impact of conditioning regimen, chronic graft-versus-host disease and hypogonadism","volume":"56","author":"Mejdahl Nielsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26905","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26905","article-title":"Musculoskeletal complications following total body irradiation in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients","volume":"65","author":"Jackson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B267","first-page":"1096","article-title":"Osteonecrosis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in childhood. A case-control study in Italy","volume":"91","author":"Faraci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.09.012","article-title":"Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation: joint recommendations of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation, the center for international blood and marrow transplant research, and the American society of blood and marrow transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Rizzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rry017","article-title":"National survey of myeloablative total body irradiation prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Japan: survey of the Japanese radiation oncology study group (JROSG)","volume":"59","author":"Ishibashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Radiat Res."},{"key":"B270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2021.100664","article-title":"Total body irradiation and total skin irradiation techniques in Belgium and the Netherlands: current clinical practice","volume":"6","author":"Koken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6203.25664","article-title":"Whole body radiotherapy: a TBI-guideline","volume":"31","author":"Quast","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Phys."},{"key":"B272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.12.009","article-title":"Arc therapy for total body irradiation\u2013a robust novel treatment technique for standard treatment rooms","volume":"110","author":"Jahnke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-008-1823-5","article-title":"In vivo dosimetry with semiconducting diodes for dose verification in total-body irradiation. A 10-year experience","volume":"184","author":"Ramm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B274","volume-title":"AAPM Report No. 17: The Physical Aspects of Total and Half Body Photon Irradiation","author":"Van Dyk","year":"1986"},{"key":"B275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1001","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(17)32264-8","article-title":"EP-1829: dose delivery accuracy in total body irradiation delivered with step and shoot IMRT","volume":"123","author":"Berlon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2020.09.004","article-title":"Early clinical experience with a total body irradiation technique using field-in-field beams and on-line image guidance","volume":"16","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.305","article-title":"Modification of a modulated arc total body irradiation technique: implementation and first clinical experience for paediatric patients","volume":"65","author":"Pemberton","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Radiat Sci."},{"key":"B278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12519","article-title":"Extended SSD VMAT treatment for total body irradiation","volume":"20","author":"Pierce","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.04.071","article-title":"Total body irradiation: guidelines from the international lymphoma radiation oncology group (ILROG)","volume":"101","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"B280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5293","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v16i2.5293","article-title":"TBI lung dose comparisons using bilateral and anteroposterior delivery techniques and tissue density corrections","volume":"16","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.2022.25311","article-title":"CT-based analysis of dose homogeneity in total body irradiation using lateral beam","volume":"5","author":"Hui","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597799","article-title":"Lung compensation in total body irradiation: a radiographic method","volume":"23","author":"Hussein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Phys."},{"key":"B283","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00286-1","article-title":"The influence of x-ray energy on lung dose uniformity in total-body irradiation","volume":"38","author":"Ekstrand","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B284","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-3947(98)00029-6","article-title":"Partial lung shield for TBI","volume":"23","author":"Ho","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Dosim."},{"key":"B285","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90180-5","article-title":"Total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation: the memorial sloan-kettering cancer center experience","volume":"18","author":"Shank","year":"1990","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B286","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705771","article-title":"Pulmonary function following total body irradiation (with or without lung shielding) and allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant","volume":"40","author":"Soule","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(87)80198-6","article-title":"Dosimetry for total body irradiation","volume":"9","author":"Van Dyk","year":"1987","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B288","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2008.01.011","article-title":"Clinical implications of the anisotropic analytical algorithm for IMRT treatment planning and verification","volume":"86","author":"Bragg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705279","article-title":"Preservation of ovarian function by ovarian shielding when undergoing total body irradiation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a report of two successful cases","volume":"37","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rraa078","article-title":"Safety of total body irradiation using intensity-modulated radiation therapy by helical tomotherapy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective pilot study","volume":"61","author":"Konishi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Radiat Res."},{"key":"B291","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-015-0362-3","article-title":"Intensity-modulated total body irradiation (TBI) with TomoDirect","volume":"10","author":"Salz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B292","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canrad.2017.06.014","article-title":"Total body irradiation using helical tomotherapy(R): treatment technique, dosimetric results and initial clinical experience","volume":"22","author":"Sarradin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Radiother."},{"key":"B293","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zemedi.2019.05.002","article-title":"Total body irradiation: significant dose sparing of lung tissue achievable by helical tomotherapy","volume":"30","author":"Wilhelm-Buchstab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Z Med Phys."},{"key":"B294","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-016-0625-7","article-title":"Total body irradiation with volumetric modulated arc therapy: dosimetric data and first clinical experience","volume":"11","author":"Springer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2015.05.012","article-title":"Plan robustness in field junction region from arcs with different patient orientation in total marrow irradiation with VMAT","volume":"31","author":"Mancosu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Med."},{"key":"B296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.01.023","article-title":"Cranio-spinal irradiation with volumetric modulated arc therapy: a multi-institutional treatment experience","volume":"99","author":"Fogliata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B297","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.01.010","article-title":"A three-isocenter jagged-junction IMRT approach for craniospinal irradiation without beam edge matching for field junctions","volume":"84","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B298","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13044","article-title":"Impact of setup errors on multi-isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy for craniospinal irradiation","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.05.026","article-title":"Evaluation of localization errors for craniospinal axis irradiation delivery using volume modulated arc therapy and proposal of a technique to minimize such errors","volume":"108","author":"Myers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"B300","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2016.03.002","article-title":"Reducing the dosimetric impact of positional errors in field junctions for craniospinal irradiation using VMAT","volume":"21","author":"Strojnik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother."},{"key":"B301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v16i6.5580","article-title":"Virtual bolus for total body irradiation treated with helical tomotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Moliner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys."},{"key":"B302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4919","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/49\/21\/005","article-title":"The effect of optimization on surface dose in intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)","volume":"49","author":"Thomas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol."},{"key":"B303","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6203.103607","article-title":"Patient dose analysis in total body irradiation through in vivo dosimetry","volume":"37","author":"Ganapathy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Phys."},{"key":"B304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02742397","article-title":"The accuracy of dose determination during total body irradiation","volume":"175","author":"Malicki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol."},{"key":"B305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38692-4_14","article-title":"Acute and late toxicities with total marrow irradiation","volume-title":"Total Marrow Irradiation. 1st ed","author":"Shinde","year":"2020"},{"key":"B306","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2016.10.009","article-title":"Estimation of radiation-induced secondary cancer risks for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients after stereotactic body radiation therapy","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B307","article-title":"Total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) at a dose of 2000 cGy in combination with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based graft versus host disease (GHVD) prophylaxis is safe and associated with favorable GVHD-free\/relapse-free survival at 1 year in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)","volume-title":"62nd Amercian Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition","author":"Stein","year":"2020"},{"key":"B308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.10.026","article-title":"Targeted total marrow irradiation using three-dimensional image-guided tomographic intensity-modulated radiation therapy: an alternative to standard total body irradiation","volume":"12","author":"Wong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-288357","article-title":"Phase 1\/2 trial of total marrow and lymph node irradiation to augment reduced-intensity transplantation for advanced hematologic malignancies","volume":"117","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3214","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2044428","article-title":"Feasibility study of helical tomotherapy for total body or total marrow irradiation","volume":"32","author":"Hui","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Phys."},{"key":"B311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.01.067","article-title":"Phase I trial of total marrow and lymphoid irradiation transplantation conditioning in patients with relapsed\/refractory acute leukemia","volume":"23","author":"Stein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2009.07.001","article-title":"Dosimetric study and verification of total body irradiation using helical tomotherapy and its comparison to extended SSD technique","volume":"35","author":"Zhuang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Dosim."},{"key":"B313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1177\/153303460600500508","article-title":"Linac-based intensity modulated total marrow irradiation (IM-TMI)","volume":"5","author":"Aydogan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat."},{"key":"B314","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5609","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2990779","article-title":"Feasibility study for linac-based intensity modulated total marrow irradiation","volume":"35","author":"Wilkie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Phys."},{"key":"B315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.11.035","article-title":"Total marrow irradiation with rapidArc volumetric arc therapy","volume":"81","author":"Aydogan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.11.028","article-title":"Preclinical assessment of volumetric modulated arc therapy for total marrow irradiation","volume":"80","author":"Fogliata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.03.033","article-title":"Dose escalation of total marrow irradiation with concurrent chemotherapy in patients with advanced acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"85","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B318","article-title":"Total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) in combination with cyclophosphamide and etoposide in patients with relapsed\/refractory acute leukemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume-title":"European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Meeting.","author":"Stein","year":"2019"},{"key":"B319","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.09.005","article-title":"Combination of linear accelerator-based intensity-modulated total marrow irradiation and myeloablative fludarabine\/busulfan: a phase I study","volume":"20","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.04.002","article-title":"Dose escalation of total marrow irradiation in high-risk patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Hui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2017.09.019","article-title":"Total marrow lymphoid irradiation\/fludarabine\/melphalan conditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"24","author":"Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B322","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1108","article-title":"Utilizing organ-sparing marrow-targeted irradiation (OSMI) to condition patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: results from a prospective pilot study","volume":"102","author":"Welliver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B323","article-title":"Phase I study of escalating doses of total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) during conditioning for HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HaploHCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in patients with myelodysplasia or acute leukemia","volume-title":"European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Meeting.","author":"Al Malki","year":"2019"},{"key":"B324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38692-4_8","article-title":"Total marrow and lymphoid irradiation in patient undergoing haplo-identical transplants","volume-title":"Total Marrow Irradiation","author":"Arslan","year":"2020"},{"key":"B325","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020003739","article-title":"Haploidentical age-adapted myeloablative transplant and regulatory and effector T cells for acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"5","author":"Pierini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13675","article-title":"Organ sparing total marrow irradiation compared to total body irradiation prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"107","author":"Haraldsson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol."},{"key":"B327","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1988.6.10.1562","article-title":"Regimen-related toxicity in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Bearman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V77.8.1660.bloodjournal7781660","article-title":"Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase: a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens","volume":"77","author":"Clift","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38692-4_1","article-title":"Total marrow irradiation: redefining the role of radiotherapy in bone marrow transplantation","volume-title":"Total Marrow Irradiation","author":"Wong","year":"2020"},{"key":"B330","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-018-1201-0","article-title":"Feasibility of a novel dose fractionation strategy in TMI\/TMLI","volume":"13","author":"Bao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"B331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4762","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-259358","article-title":"Who is fit for allogeneic transplantation?","volume":"116","author":"Deeg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B332","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V126.23.LBA-8.LBA-8","article-title":"Results of a phase III randomized, multicenter study of allogeneic stem cell transplantation after high versus reduced intensity conditioning in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML): blood and marrow transplant clinical trials network (BMT CTN) 0901","volume":"126","author":"Scott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B333","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.12.3456","article-title":"Durable engraftment of major histocompatibility complex-incompatible cells after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine, low-dose total body irradiation, and posttransplantation cyclophosphamide","volume":"98","author":"Luznik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B334","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1053\/bbmt.2002.v8.pm12171484","article-title":"Nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation from partially HLA-mismatched related donors using postransplantation cyclophosphamide","volume":"8","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38692-4_7","article-title":"Total marrow\/lymphoid irradiation in the conditioning regimen for haploidentical T-cell depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia","volume-title":"Total Marrow Irradiation","author":"Aristei","year":"2020"},{"key":"B336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38692-4_13","article-title":"Modern total body irradiation (TBI): intensity-modulated radiation treatment (IMRT)","volume-title":"Total Marrow Irradiation: A Comprehensive Review","author":"Dandapani","year":"2020"},{"key":"B337","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canrad.2017.01.014","article-title":"First French experiences of total body irradiations using helical TomoTherapy((R))","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Radiother."},{"key":"B338","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.01.036","article-title":"Extramedullary relapse following total marrow and lymphoid irradiation in patinets undergoing allogenejic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"89","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"B339","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5568","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3495816","article-title":"Statistical analysis of dose heterogeneity in circulating blood: implications for sequential methods of total body irradiation","volume":"37","author":"Molloy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Phys."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2021.774348\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T06:43:41Z","timestamp":1638513821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2021.774348\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"references-count":339,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2021.774348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2021.774348","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"article-number":"774348"}}