{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:17:17Z","timestamp":1791065837341,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are very common among children with cerebral palsy. Gut microbiota has been confirmed to maintain normal GI physiological function and further contributed to cerebral palsy through the gut-brain axis. Our study was to investigate the effect of dietary fiber combined with probiotics on functional constipated children with cerebral palsy. In total, 35 patient children were enrolled and divided into general diet group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14) and liquid diet group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21). All the participants received Compound Dietary Fiber (CDF) for 1 month and lactic acid-producing and butyric acid-producing probiotics for 6 months. After a 1-month intervention, the frequency of spontaneous and manual defecation, and Bristol score were all significantly improved (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). The \u03b1-diversity of the gut microbiota was significantly increased after a 1-month intervention (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), with a higher abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria and a lower abundance of opportunistic pathogens (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05, FDR &amp;lt; 0.05). However, the impersistent effect of the 6-month intervention suggested the insufficient impact of intaking probiotics alone and the short duration of CDF intervention. Moreover, although the intervention had affected the constipation symptoms equally in cerebral palsy children with a general diet and liquid diet, the general diet group showed a greater and more durable change in gut microbiota and clinical phenotypes after intervention than the liquid diet group, which indicated that longer intervention time should be considered for liquid diet children. This study not only illustrated that supplementation of dietary fiber combined with probiotics can improve functional constipation in children with cerebral palsy, but also provides guidance for optimal intervention strategy for future studies, which will further benefit cerebral palsy children.<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration:<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link>http:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=46902<\/jats:ext-link>, identifier: ChiCTR1900028257.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1001789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T13:16:35Z","timestamp":1665062195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dietary fiber and probiotics based on gut microbiota targeting for functional constipation in children with cerebral palsy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Congfu","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinli","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunuo","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanping","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghua","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2223\/jped.2241","article-title":"Digestive tract neural control and gastrointestinal disorders in cerebral palsy","volume":"88","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.5223\/pghn.222.122","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of malnutrition and associated gastrointestinal complications in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"22","author":"Trivi\u0107","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03701.x","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical presentation of constipation in children with severe generalized cerebral palsy","volume":"52","author":"Veugelers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.05019","article-title":"Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in neurologically impaired children","volume":"20","author":"Quitadamo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.015","article-title":"Functional disorders: children and adolescents","volume":"150","author":"Hyams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02179-19","article-title":"New view on dietary fiber selection for predictable shifts in gut microbiota","volume":"11","author":"Cantu-Jungles","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.10043","article-title":"A dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility","volume":"167","author":"Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114508149194","article-title":"The effects of dietary fibre type on satiety-related hormones and voluntary food intake in dogs","volume":"102","author":"Bosch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020433","article-title":"The effect of psyllium husk on intestinal microbiota in constipated patients and healthy controls","volume":"20","author":"Jalanka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-1995tb00433.x","article-title":"Effects of psyllium therapy on stool characteristics, colon transit and anorectal function in chronic idiopathic constipation","volume":"9","author":"Ashraf","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13647","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial: mixed soluble\/insoluble fibre vs. psyllium for chronic constipation","volume":"44","author":"Erdogan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7378","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i48.7378","article-title":"Effect of dietary fiber on constipation: a meta analysis","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.10028","article-title":"American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation Gastroenterology","volume":"144","author":"Bharucha","year":"2012"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31820fb914","article-title":"World gastroenterology organisation global guideline: constipation\u2013a global perspective","volume":"45","author":"Lindberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B15","first-page":"3637","article-title":"Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on gastrointestinal dysmotility in functional dyspepsia","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"China J Trad Chin Med Pharm."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.02.017","article-title":"Fungal sensing enhances neutrophil metabolic fitness by regulating antifungal Glut1 activity","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13421","article-title":"Persistent gut microbiota immaturity in malnourished Bangladeshi children","volume":"510","author":"Subramanian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1514","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.1514","article-title":"Impact of demographics on human gut microbial diversity in a US Midwest population","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PeerJ."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-016-0299-7","article-title":"An expansion of rare lineage intestinal microbes characterizes rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen Med"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709011203","article-title":"Stool form scale as a useful guide to intestinal transit time","volume":"32","author":"Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/mcg.0000000000000472","article-title":"Treatment of slow transit constipation with fecal microbiota transplantation: a pilot study","volume":"50","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr507","article-title":"FLASH: fast length adjustment of short reads to improve genome assemblies","volume":"27","author":"Mago\u010d","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.09.013","article-title":"The effect of different dietary structure on gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy based on gut microbiota","volume":"43","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32152","article-title":"Periodontal pathogens are a risk factor of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, independent of tobacco and alcohol and human papillomavirus","volume":"45","author":"Ganly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.12016\/j.issn.2096-202108.009","article-title":"Research progress on the relationship between Fusobacterium nucleatum and periodontitis","volume":"29","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prevent Treat Stomatol Dis."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01324","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum aggravates the progression of colitis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via AKT2 pathway","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i37.4254","article-title":"VSL#3 can prevent ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.09.013","article-title":"The effect of different dietary structure on gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy based on gut microbiota","volume":"43","author":"Ch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Develop"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evu050","article-title":"A phylogenomic view of ecological specialization in the lachnospiraceae, a family of digestive tract-associated bacteria","volume":"3","author":"Meehan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Biol Evolut."},{"key":"B30","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Effect of Different Dietary Structure on Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Children With Cerebral Palsy and Epilepsy Based on Intestinal Flora"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.15171\/mejdd.2020.157","article-title":"Signature of gut microbiome by conventional and advanced analysis techniques: advantages and disadvantages","volume":"12","author":"Rezasoltani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Middle East J Dig Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.012","article-title":"The impact of dietary fiber on gut microbiota in host health and disease","volume":"23","author":"Makki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microb"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01226","article-title":"Functional characterization of novel faecalibacterium prausnitzii strains isolated from healthy volunteers: a step forward in the use of F","volume":"8","author":"Mart\u00edn","year":"2017","journal-title":"prausnitzii as a Next-Generation. Probio Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47212","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047212","article-title":"The effect of selected synbiotics on microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid production in a model system of the human colon","volume":"7","author":"van Zanten","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.1001789\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T17:55:05Z","timestamp":1671126905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.1001789\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2022.1001789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2022.1001789","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"article-number":"1001789"}}