{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T20:16:15Z","timestamp":1776284175641,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006260","name":"Rheumatology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our understanding of brain fog, or dyscognition, among youth with juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome is limited. We aimed to determine the prevalence of subjective (self-reported) and objective dyscognition, as well as factors associated with subjective dyscognition in juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional cohort study of patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 31) 12-17 years old diagnosed with primary juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome and one of their parents from 2017 to 2019. Subjects completed a series of survey measures and patients completed a brief neurocognitive battery. Subjective dyscognition was determined based on scores on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Cognitive Functioning Scale and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-2) global executive composite (GEC). Objective dyscognition was defined as impairment of more than two standard deviations in any of the neurocognitive domains. We used Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test, as appropriate, to compare clinical patients based on the presence of dyscognition. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed to determine factors associated with subjective dyscognition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 31 subjects, 65% reported subjective dyscognition and 39% had objective dyscognition, primarily in the domains of psychomotor speed (23%), executive function (23%), and attention (3%). Subjective dyscognition was not indicative of objective dyscognition. Subjective dyscognition was independently associated with functional disability (OR: 1.19 [95% CI: 1.02-1.40]) and anxiety (OR: 1.12 [95% CI: 1.02-1.24]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with fibromyalgia predominantly experience subjective dyscognition but more than 1\/3 also experience objective dyscognition. Future research should explore the impact of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs on the treatment of dyscognition in youth with JFMS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.848009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T07:51:38Z","timestamp":1645689098000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Characterizing Neurocognitive Impairment in Juvenile Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Subjective and Objective Measures of Dyscognition"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Gmuca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maitry","family":"Sonagra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly S.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina H.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jami F.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela F.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"Sherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(81)90096-2","article-title":"Primary fibromyalgia (fibrositis): clinical study of 50 patients with matched normal controls","volume":"11","author":"Yunus","year":"1981","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000120895.20623.9f","article-title":"The prevalence and clinical impact of reported cognitive difficulties (fibrofog) in patients with rheumatic disease with and without fibromyalgia","volume":"10","author":"Katz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3208-7","article-title":"Fibrofog and fibromyalgia: a narrative review and implications for clinical practice","volume":"35","author":"Kravitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"S48","article-title":"Perceived dyscognition reported by patients with fibromyalgia","volume":"34","author":"McAllister","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.01.021","article-title":"Characterizing \u201cfibrofog\u201d: subjective appraisal, objective performance, and task-related brain activity during a working memory task","volume":"11","author":"Walitt","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2016.77.2.116","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in patients with fibromyalgia","volume":"77","author":"Williamson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Hospital Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5907","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5907","article-title":"Broad cognitive complaints but subtle objective working memory impairment in fibromyalgia patients","volume":"6","author":"Pidal-Miranda","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2009.06.002","article-title":"Review of cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia: a convergence on working memory and attentional control impairments","volume":"35","author":"Glass","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2016.06.004","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in fibromyalgia: the central role of effort","volume":"87","author":"Bar-On Kalfon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acp014","article-title":"Executive function and decision-making in women with fibromyalgia","volume":"24","author":"Verdejo-Garcia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090367","article-title":"Fibromyalgia syndrome module at OMERACT 9: domain construct","volume":"36","author":"Mease","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B12","article-title":"Patterns of healthcare utilization and cost in patients with newly diagnosed fibromyalgia","author":"Berger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Managed Care."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw188","article-title":"Trends in medicalization of children with amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Kaufman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"B14","unstructured":"Chronic pain in children seen at a rheumatology clinic: healthcare utilization patterns\n            TianF\n            GuittarP\n            Bout-TabakuSM\n          Arthritis Rheumatol.2016"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001732","article-title":"Long-term impact of adolescent chronic pain on young adult educational, vocational, and social outcomes","volume":"161","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2534","article-title":"Relationship between sleep and pain in adolescents with juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Olsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"key":"B17","unstructured":"Sleep disruption in children with chronic pain\n            HoffartC\n            FortneyS\n            WallaceD\n          Arthritis Rheumatol.2016"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2012(10)04","article-title":"Sleep, stress, neurocognitive profile and health-related quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain","volume":"67","author":"Molina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinics."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20140","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology preliminary diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia and measurement of symptom severity","volume":"62","author":"Wolfe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/16.1.39","article-title":"The functional disability inventory: measuring a neglected dimension of child health status","volume":"16","author":"Walker","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.02.050","article-title":"Clinical utility and validity of the Functional Disability Inventory (FDI) among a multicenter sample of youth with chronic pain","volume":"152","author":"Kashikar-Zuck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.12.002","article-title":"Functional assessment of pediatric pain patients: psychometric properties of the functional disability inventory","volume":"121","author":"Claar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.03.005","article-title":"Identifying treatment responders and predictors of improvement after cognitive-behavioral therapy for juvenile fibromyalgia","volume":"155","author":"Sil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S431","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20639","article-title":"Measures of juvenile fibromyalgia: functional disability inventory (FDI), modified fibromyalgia impact questionnaire-child version (MFIQ-C), and pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) 3.0 rheumatology module pain and hurt scale","volume":"63","author":"Flowers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"97","article-title":"Pain assessment in children and adolescents","volume-title":"Handbook of Pain Assessment.","author":"McGrath","year":"2001"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2003.09.004","article-title":"Minimal clinically important changes in chronic musculoskeletal pain intensity measured on a numerical rating scale","volume":"8","author":"Salaffi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330203","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Fibromyalgia. Report of the multicenter criteria committee","volume":"33","author":"Wolfe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012","article-title":"2016 Revisions to the 2010\/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria","volume":"46","author":"Wolfe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.10.011","article-title":"2010 American College of Rheumatology Adult fibromyalgia criteria for use in an adolescent female population with juvenile fibromyalgia","volume":"169","author":"Ting","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v90i1.8141","article-title":"The juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome (JFMS): a poorly defined disorder","volume":"90","author":"De Sanctis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Bio Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0581-8","article-title":"Development of the PROMIS (R) pediatric global health (PGH-7) measure","volume":"23","author":"Forrest","year":"2014","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-015-1111-7","article-title":"Concurrent validity of the PROMIS(R) pediatric global health measure","volume":"25","author":"Forrest","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-015-1058-8","article-title":"Estimating minimally important difference (MID) in PROMIS pediatric measures using the scale-judgment method","volume":"25","author":"Thissen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B34","article-title":"Children's depression inventory (CDI and CDI 2)","volume-title":"The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology","author":"Kovacs","year":"2014"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2013.814541","article-title":"Assessing anxiety in youth with the multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC)","volume":"43","author":"Wei","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199704000-00019","article-title":"The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity","volume":"36","author":"March","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(99)00009-2","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the multidimensional anxiety scale for children","volume":"13","author":"March","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"B38","volume-title":"Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2) PAR","author":"Gioia","year":"2015"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-007-9282-5","article-title":"The PedsQL multidimensional fatigue scale in young adults: feasibility, reliability and validity in a University student population","volume":"17","author":"Varni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24776","article-title":"PedsQL\u2122 multidimensional fatigue scale in sickle cell disease: feasibility, reliability, and validity","volume":"61","author":"Panepinto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10428","article-title":"The PedsQL in pediatric cancer: reliability and validity of the pediatric quality of life inventory generic core scales, multidimensional fatigue scale, and cancer module","volume":"94","author":"Varni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2581","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0370-4","article-title":"Factorial invariance of pediatric patient self-reported fatigue across age and gender: a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis approach utilizing the PedsQL\u2122 multidimensional fatigue scale","volume":"22","author":"Varni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B43","first-page":"2494","article-title":"The PedsQL multidimensional fatigue scale in pediatric rheumatology: reliability and validity","volume":"31","author":"Varni","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/21622965.2016.1152892","article-title":"Comparison between objective measures and parental behavioral rating scales of memory and attention in pediatric endocrinology patients","volume":"2016","author":"Limbers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Neuropsychol Child."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9823-1","article-title":"PedsQL\u2122 cognitive functioning scale in pediatric liver transplant recipients: feasibility, reliability and validity","volume":"20","author":"Varni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2014.06.022","article-title":"Measuring adolescent resilience: an exmaination of the cross-ethnic validity of the RS-14","volume":"44","author":"Pritzker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Children Youth Serv Rev."},{"key":"B47","author":"Wagnild","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Resilience Scale User's Guide for the US English version of the Resilience Scale and the 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS-14)"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1891\/1061-3749.17.2.105","article-title":"A review of the resilience scale","volume":"17","author":"Wagnild","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nurs Measurement."},{"key":"B49","first-page":"165","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the Resilience Scale","volume":"1","author":"Wagnild","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Nurs Measurement."},{"key":"B50","first-page":"293","article-title":"Adolescent self-efficacy and resilience in participants attending A diabetes camp","volume":"36","author":"Winsett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.03.006","article-title":"The role of patient and parental resilience in adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain","volume":"210","author":"Gmuca","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B52","volume-title":"Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2011"},{"key":"B53","volume-title":"Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.","author":"Wechsler","year":"1999"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40817-016-0023-y","article-title":"Test review of the child and adolescent memory profile (ChAMP)","volume":"2016","author":"Piehl","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neuropsychol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020043","article-title":"Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2013Fourth Edition among a national sample of referred students","volume":"22","author":"Watkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"B56","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 5th Edition (WISC-V).","author":"Wechsler","year":"2014"},{"key":"B57","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2008"},{"key":"B58","volume-title":"Conners Continuous Performance Test- Third Edition (Conners CPT 3) & Conners Continuous Auditory Test of Attention (Conners CATA): Technical Manual.","author":"Conners","year":"2014"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390490918444","article-title":"Test review: Delis-Kaplan executive function system","volume":"27","author":"Homack","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol."},{"key":"B60","volume-title":"Delis Kaplan Executive Function System.","author":"Delis","year":"2001"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbs122","article-title":"Cognitive performance in women aged 50 years and older with and without fibromyalgia","volume":"69","author":"Cherry","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gerontol Series B, Psychol Sci Soc Sci."},{"key":"B62","volume-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment.","author":"Lezak","year":"2004"},{"key":"B63","volume-title":"Handbook of Normative Data for Neuropsychological Assessment.","author":"Mitrushina","year":"2005"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023370","article-title":"Beery-Buktenica Developemental Test of visual-motor integration performance in childrne with traumatic brain injury and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"23","author":"Sutton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024628","article-title":"The implications of symptom validity test failure for ability-based test performance in a pediatric sample","volume":"24","author":"Kirkwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"B66","volume-title":"Green's Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) for Microsoft Windows: User's Manual.","author":"Green","year":"2004"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00628-1","article-title":"Neuropsychological impairment in fibromyalgia: relation to depression, fatigue, and pain","volume":"55","author":"Suhr","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24089","article-title":"Fibrofog in daily life: An examination of ambulatory subjective and objective cognitive function in fibromyalgia","volume":"72","author":"Kratz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.01.002","article-title":"Executive function in fibromyalgia: comparing subjective and objective measures","volume":"66","author":"Gelonch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comprehens Psychiatry."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0200057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200057","article-title":"The effect of depressive symptoms on cognition in patients with fibromyalgia","volume":"13","author":"Gelonch","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.04.003","article-title":"Pilot randomized trial of integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy and neuromuscular training for juvenile fibromyalgia: the FIT Teens Program","volume":"19","author":"Kashikar-Zuck","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31816d7d23","article-title":"Anxiety, mood, and behavioral disorders among pediatric patients with juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Kashikar-Zuck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Pain."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096587","article-title":"Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Northey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193113","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193113","article-title":"Effects of physical exercise programs on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of the last 10 years","volume":"13","author":"da Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2020.01.012","article-title":"The therapeutic effects of exercise training on elderly patients with dementia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"101","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112854","article-title":"Aerobic exercise and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia: results of a 1-year follow-up from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"286","author":"Shimada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.02.007","article-title":"What is the prevalence of cognitive impairment in lupus and which instruments are used to measure it? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Rayes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23163","article-title":"Challenges of diagnosing cognitive dysfunction with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus in childhood","volume":"69","author":"AlE'ed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-021-00541-1","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning and academic abilities in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Granjon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheum Online J."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20626","article-title":"Systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: cognitive function and social adjustment","volume":"58","author":"Feldmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.05.011","article-title":"A multidisciplinary assessment of pain in juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-9-24","article-title":"Policy challenges for the pediatric rheumatology workforce: part I. Education and economics","volume":"9","author":"Henrickson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.100910","article-title":"Access to pediatric rheumatology care \u2013 a major challenge to improving outcome in juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Foster","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-020-00451-8","article-title":"The paediatric global musculoskeletal task force - towards better MSK health for all","volume":"18","author":"Foster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.848009\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T07:52:02Z","timestamp":1645689122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.848009\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"references-count":84,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2022.848009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2022.848009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"article-number":"848009"}}