{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:23:39Z","timestamp":1789154619605,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Preclinical models and emerging translational data suggest that acute kidney injury (AKI) has far reaching effects on all other major organ systems in the body. Common in critically ill children and adults, AKI is independently associated with worse short and long term morbidity, as well as mortality, in these vulnerable populations. Evidence exists in adult populations regarding the impact AKI has on life course. Recently, non-renal organ effects of AKI have been highlighted in pediatric AKI survivors. Given the unique pediatric considerations related to somatic growth and neurodevelopmental consequences, pediatric AKI has the potential to fundamentally alter life course outcomes. In this article, we highlight the challenging and complex interplay between AKI and the brain, heart, lungs, immune system, growth, functional status, and longitudinal outcomes. Specifically, we discuss the biologic basis for how AKI may contribute to neurologic injury and neurodevelopment, cardiac dysfunction, acute lung injury, immunoparalysis and increased risk of infections, diminished somatic growth, worsened functional status and health related quality of life, and finally the impact on young adult health and life course outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.893993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T06:32:41Z","timestamp":1656570761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Neglected Price of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury: Non-renal Implications"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chetna K.","family":"Pande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory B.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle E.","family":"Soranno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja M.","family":"Gist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana Y.","family":"Fuhrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Dolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea L.","family":"Conroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayse","family":"Akcan-Arikan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.20.053","article-title":"Development of acute kidney injury following pediatric cardiac surgery","volume":"39","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC0000000000002107","article-title":"assessment of the independent and synergistic effects of fluid overload and acute kidney injury on outcomes of critically ill children","volume":"21","author":"Gist","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00341","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.04.015","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac intensive care children: not all admissions are equal: a retrospective study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Apr 16]","volume":"770","author":"Ricci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611391","article-title":"Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in critically ill children and young adults","volume":"376","author":"Kaddourah","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(17)30069-x","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of neonatal acute kidney injury (AWAKEN): a multicentre, multinational, observational cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Jetton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e941","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005165","article-title":"Neonatal and pediatric heart and renal outcomes network (nephron) investigators","volume":"49","author":"Alten","year":"2021"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00710113","article-title":"Acute kidney injury advisory group of the American society of nephrology. 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