{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:22:54Z","timestamp":1787026974664,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a rare childhood interstitial lung disease characterized by a gradual onset of tachypnea, hypoxemia, and failure to thrive in the first 2 years of life. NEHI is challenging to diagnose and can masquerade as common respiratory infections and reactive airway disease. Timely diagnosis is essential to optimize management of comorbidities, improve outcomes, and prevent unnecessary interventions. We report a case of a 14-month-old male who was hospitalized multiple times with recurrent episodes of presumed bronchiolitis. However, early on, the parents had detected unexplained nighttime hypoxemia with a wearable home pulse oximetry baby monitor. While recurrent respiratory infections are common in infancy, our patient had numerous persistent symptoms refractory to traditional treatments, which prompted further workup and ultimately led to the diagnosis of NEHI. The home baby monitor provided useful information that accelerated workup for a presentation that did not fit the usual picture of recurrent bronchiolitis, bronchospasm, or pneumonia. These devices that monitor infant cardiopulmonary status and oxygenation are becoming increasingly popular for home use. There is controversy over their clinical utility due to the frequency of false alarms, excessive parental reliance on these devices, and lack of Food and Drug Administration oversight to ensure accuracy and effectiveness of these devices. Our case provides an example of how in certain clinical settings, information from these devices might serve as a complementary tool in the pediatrician\u2019s medical decision-making and possibly lead to a rare diagnosis such as NEHI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.918764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:27:32Z","timestamp":1662424052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case report: Rare lung disease of infancy diagnosed with the assistance of a home pulse oximetry baby monitor"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kevin H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Art","family":"Kulatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Sherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateja","family":"Cernelc-Kohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20243","article-title":"Persistent tachypnea of infancy is associated with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia.","volume":"40","author":"Deterding","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-016-0295-y","article-title":"Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy: An unusual cause of hypoxemia in children.","volume":"42","author":"Caimmi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.5766","article-title":"Infrequent and potentially missed cause of hypoxemia in an infant.","volume":"11","author":"Elgabaly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14101113","article-title":"Role of high-resolution chest computed tomography in a child with persistent tachypnoea and intercostal retractions: A case report of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia.","volume":"14","author":"Lelii","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2019.08.004","article-title":"Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy: An unusual cause of unresolving tachypnea in infancy.","volume":"61","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"3","article-title":"Persistent tachypnea, hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy.","volume":"1","author":"Aleman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediat Infants."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.36-2-74","article-title":"Case 1: Recalcitrant tachypnea in a 2-month-old boy.","volume":"36","author":"Fuchs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25319","article-title":"Clinical, functional, and computed tomography findings in a cohort of patients with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy.","volume":"56","author":"Balinotti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-0811","article-title":"Mutation in TTF1\/NKX2.1 is associated with familial neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy.","volume":"144","author":"Young","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21219","article-title":"Familial neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy: Familial neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia.","volume":"45","author":"Popler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201908-617OC","article-title":"Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy. 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