{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T23:29:50Z","timestamp":1772666990300,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a rare group of peripheral neuropathies with high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. CMT type 2N (CMT 2N) is a rare subtype of CMT with few clinical reports. The clinical presentation mimics that of other diseases, frequently leading to misdiagnoses. We present a case of CMT 2N with reversible white matter lesions (WMLs), which repeatedly mimicked stroke or encephalitis. We include a literature review to the improve management of this disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Description<\/jats:title><jats:p>An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with slurred speech and limb weakness that had persisted for 1 day. Physical examination revealed lethargy, dysarthria, and a positive bilateral Babinski sign. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed no abnormalities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrical abnormal signal areas in the paraventricular white matter and corpus callosum. The patient was suspected of having viral encephalitis and recovered rapidly after treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>He was hospitalized 3 years later for limb weakness, barylalia, and facial paralysis persisting for 1 day. MRI showed an abnormal signal in the bilateral corona radiata. He was suspected of having a stroke or encephalitis. He was completely recovered after treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>After a second 3-year span, he was admitted for another stroke-like episode. Physical examination revealed facial-lingual hemiparesis, mild atrophy of the left thenar muscle, decreased muscle strength in the extremities, and disappearance of the tendon reflex. MRI revealed more pronounced abnormal signals in the bilateral centrum semiovale and corpus callosum. Antibodies against autoimmune encephalitis were negative. A nerve conduction velocity (NCV) study showed motor and sensory four-limb nerve demyelination with axonal damage, most notably at the distal end. His symptoms were resolved after active treatment. A follow-up MRI showed the complete disappearance of the abnormal white matter signal. Whole exon sequencing showed a heterozygous mutation [c.2093C &amp;gt; T(p.Ser698Phe)] in the alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 gene (<jats:italic>AARS1<\/jats:italic>). His mutation, clinical features, and electrophysiological testing led to a diagnosis of CMT 2N.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early-Onset CMT 2N with reversible WMLs can often mimic stroke or encephalopathy. Affected individuals may show an atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) on MRI. Careful family history assessment, physical examination, nerve conduction studies, MRIs, and genetic testing are essential for early diagnosis. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.935721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T05:41:40Z","timestamp":1657690900000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Case Report: Early-Onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2N With Reversible White Matter Lesions Repeatedly Mimicked Stroke or Encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Huasheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingxiu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baorong","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908094","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing in a patient with Charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy.","volume":"362","author":"Lupski","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-1833-2","article-title":"A novel LITAF\/SIMPLE variant within a family with minimal demyelinating Charcot-marie-tooth disease.","volume":"35","author":"Luigetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Sci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22166","article-title":"Charcot-marie-tooth disease subtypes and genetic testing strategies.","volume":"69","author":"Saporta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-4598(199911)22:113.0.co;2-9","article-title":"Charcot-marie-tooth disease and related neuropathies: molecular basis for distinction and diagnosis.","volume":"22","author":"Pareyson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve."},{"key":"B5","first-page":"93","article-title":"Sorting out the inherited neuropathies.","volume":"7","author":"Reilly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pract Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1159\/000443706","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of Charcot-marie-tooth disease: a systematic review.","volume":"46","author":"Barreto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"327","article-title":"Investigation of clinical features on Charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2.","volume":"24","author":"Tai","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Neuro."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000263479.97552.94","article-title":"Phenotype of Charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2.","volume":"68","author":"Bienfait","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.01.027","article-title":"Comparison of gait patterns and functional measures between Charcot-marie-tooth disease type I and II in children to young adults.","volume":"77","author":"Pogemiller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029393","article-title":"The mutational spectrum in a cohort of Charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2 among the Han Chinese in Taiwan. 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