{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:10:50Z","timestamp":1783350650122,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012151","name":"Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZSM202011005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZSM202011005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary actinomycosis is an uncommon kind of bacterial illness caused by actinomycetes, involving the chest wall in extraordinarily rare cases. Due to non-specific clinical signs and perplexing radiological characteristics, this kind of pulmonary actinomycosis is frequently misinterpreted as a malignant tumor or lung abscess.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>An 11-year-old child presented with a palpable lump on his left chest and periodic chest discomfort. An irregular soft-tissue mass in the left upper zone with bony destruction was first identified as a malignant small round cell tumor (MSRCT) known as an Askin tumor on post-contrast CT. However, pathological biopsy of the pulmonary lesion through the chest wall revealed actinomycosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary actinomycosis is an uncommon bacterial illness that has a variety of clinical manifestations, particularly in young patients. A chest lump with nearby \u201clace-like\u201d rib bone destruction was the distinguishing characteristic of our case. For appropriate treatment and diagnosis, infection with actinomycosis should be considered when observing a similar chest lump. Pathological biopsy, as a valuable diagnostic tool, can help to distinguish between infectious diseases and thoracic tumors. The pathological manifestations of actinomycosis are characterized by inflammatory lesions that range from purulent to granuloma-like inflammatory processes, and second-generation sequencing of alveolar lavage fluid can help to confirm pathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.955554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T06:24:54Z","timestamp":1670307894000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pediatric pulmonary actinomycosis: A misdiagnosed case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zhao","family":"Yilin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Xinyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun","family":"Longwei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeng","family":"Hongwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198409000-00013","article-title":"Actinomycosis: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations and a review of 32 cases","volume":"94","author":"Bennhoff","year":"1984","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-216","article-title":"Pulmonary actinomycosis during the first decade of 21st century: cases of 94 patients","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00089103","article-title":"Pulmonary actinomycosis","volume":"21","author":"Mabeza","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2021.09.001","article-title":"Pediatric pulmonary actinomycosis: a forgotten disease","author":"Goussard","year":"","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181598353","article-title":"Thoracic actinomycosis in children: case report and review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Bartlett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.158316","article-title":"A retrospective study of pulmonary actinomycosis in a single institution in China","volume":"128","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2016.e233","article-title":"Pulmonary actinomycosis and tuberculosis. 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