{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T14:31:28Z","timestamp":1784989888392,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The complications of prematurity are the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide, with the highest burden in the low- and middle-income countries of South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. A major driver of this prematurity-related neonatal mortality is respiratory distress syndrome due to immature lungs and surfactant deficiency. The World Health Organization's Every Newborn Action Plan target is for 80% of districts to have resources available to care for small and sick newborns, including premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Evidence-based interventions for respiratory distress syndrome management exist for the peripartum, delivery and neonatal intensive care period- however, cost, resources, and infrastructure limit their availability in low- and middle-income countries. Existing research and implementation gaps include the safe use of antenatal corticosteroid in non-tertiary settings, establishing emergency transportation services from low to high level care facilities, optimized delivery room resuscitation, provision of affordable caffeine and surfactant as well as implementing non-traditional methods of surfactant administration. There is also a need to optimize affordable continuous positive airway pressure devices able to blend oxygen, provide humidity and deliver reliable pressure. If the high prematurity-related neonatal mortality experienced in low- and middle-income countries is to be mitigated, a concerted effort by researchers, implementers and policy developers is required to address these key modalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.961509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T08:43:29Z","timestamp":1659084209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Respiratory distress syndrome management in resource limited settings\u2014Current evidence and opportunities in 2022"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Osayame A.","family":"Ekhaguere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikechukwu R.","family":"Okonkwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneesh","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna B.","family":"Hedstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Levels & Trends in Child Mortality Report 2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(21)00311-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000-19: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"6","author":"Perin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health."},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"GenevaWorld Health OrganizationNewborns: Improving Survival and Well-Being2019"},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development A\/RES\/70\/1","year":"2015"},{"key":"B5","unstructured":"WHOEvery Newborn Progress Report2019"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications","volume":"379","author":"Blencowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B7","unstructured":"GenevaUNICEFEnding Preventable Newborn Deaths and Stillbirths by 20302020"},{"key":"B8","unstructured":"GenevaWorld Health OrganizationSurvive and Thrive: Transforming Care for Every Small and Sick Newborn2018"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1130","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30220-7","article-title":"Major causes of death in preterm infants in selected hospitals in Ethiopia (SIP): a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study","volume":"7","author":"Muhe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2009.01.015","article-title":"An overview of pulmonary surfactant in the neonate: genetics, metabolism, and the role of surfactant in health and disease","volume":"97","author":"Nkadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab."},{"key":"B11","first-page":"1159","volume-title":"Fanaroff and Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine","author":"Martin","year":"2019"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.191","article-title":"Increased risk for respiratory distress among white, male, late preterm and term infants","volume":"32","author":"Anadkat","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1022471","article-title":"Respiratory morbidity in late-preterm infants: prevention is better than cure! Am J Perinatol","volume":"25","author":"Jain","year":"2008"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd004454","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub4","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"12","author":"McGoldrick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.09.014","article-title":"Trends in neonatal morbidity and mortality for very low birthweight infants","volume":"196","author":"Fanaroff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2959","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network","volume":"126","author":"Stoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e351","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.10-7-e351","article-title":"Core concepts respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Warren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoreviews."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e236","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.15-6-e236","article-title":"Surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Jobe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neoreviews."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/000992287000900607","article-title":"Jr","volume":"9","author":"Downes","year":"1970","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr."},{"key":"B20","first-page":"1","article-title":"A controlled clinical trial of effects of water mist on obstructive respiratory signs, death rate and necropsy findings among premature infants","volume":"17","author":"Silverman","year":"1956","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15671","article-title":"The Silverman Andersen respiratory severity score in the delivery room predicts subsequent intubation in very preterm neonates","volume":"110","author":"Hedstrom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.7199\/ped.oncall.2016.30","article-title":"Downes score vs Silverman Anderson score for assessment of respiratory distress in preterm newborns","volume":"13","author":"Shashidhar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatric Oncall"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fms061","article-title":"Bubble CPAP versus ventilator CPAP in preterm neonates with early onset respiratory distress\u2014a randomized controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Tagare","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0049-3","article-title":"Performance of the Silverman Andersen Respiratory Severity Score in predicting PCO2 and respiratory support in newborns: a prospective cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Hedstrom","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03438","article-title":"Implementation of bubble CPAP in a rural Ugandan Neonatal ICU","volume":"60","author":"McAdams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0450515","article-title":"Premature delivery of foetal lambs infused with glucocorticoids","volume":"45","author":"Liggins","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B27","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations on Interventions to Improve Preterm Birth Outcomes.","year":"2015"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002237","article-title":"713: Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation","volume":"130","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13836","article-title":"FIGO good practice recommendations on the use of prenatal corticosteroids to improve outcomes and minimize harm in babies born preterm","volume":"155","author":"Norman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1752","article-title":"Association of antenatal corticosteroids with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation","volume":"306","author":"Carlo","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.0602","article-title":"Association of short antenatal corticosteroid administration-to-birth intervals with survival and morbidity among very preterm infants: results from the EPICE cohort","volume":"171","author":"Norman","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2019.03.012","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for low and middle income countries","volume":"43","author":"Jobe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-01249-w","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids: a reappraisal of the drug formulation and dose","volume":"89","author":"Jobe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(19)30292-5","article-title":"Maternal intramuscular dexamethasone versus betamethasone before preterm birth (ASTEROID): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Crowther","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd006764","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006764.pub3","article-title":"Different corticosteroids and regimens for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"2013","author":"Brownfoot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60580-8","article-title":"Use of antenatal corticosteroids and tocolytic drugs in preterm births in 29 countries: an analysis of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health","volume":"384","author":"Vogel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd004454","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub2","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"2006","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60792-3","article-title":"Can available interventions end preventable deaths in mothers, newborn babies, and stillbirths, and at what cost?","volume":"384","author":"Bhutta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61651-2","article-title":"A population-based, multifaceted strategy to implement antenatal corticosteroid treatment versus standard care for the reduction of neonatal mortality due to preterm birth in low-income and middle-income countries: the ACT cluster-randomised trial","volume":"385","author":"Althabe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-016-0178-0","article-title":"A multi-faceted intervention including antenatal corticosteroids to reduce neonatal mortality associated with preterm birth: a case study from the Guatemalan Western Highlands","volume":"13","author":"Garces","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Health."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2022398","article-title":"Antenatal dexamethasone for early preterm birth in low-resource countries","volume":"383","author":"Oladapo","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101285","article-title":"Antenatal dexamethasone for late preterm birth: a multi-centre, two-arm, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial","volume":"44","author":"WHO","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05397","article-title":"In low- and middle-income countries, is delivery in high-quality obstetric facilities geographically feasible?","volume":"38","author":"Gage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7471.904","article-title":"Moving the preterm infant","volume":"329","author":"Fowlie","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B45","volume-title":"Standards for Improving the Quality of Care for Small and Sick Newborns in Health Facilities.","year":"2020"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.4102\/hsag.v27i0.1617","article-title":"The neonatal transfer process through the lens of neonatologists at public hospitals in South Africa","volume":"27","author":"Ashokcoomar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health SA."},{"key":"B47","volume-title":"Neonatal Transport in Developing Country Settings: A Systematic Review","author":"Niermeyer","year":"2016"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2016.24.216.8651","article-title":"Neonatal transport practices in Ibadan, Nigeria","volume":"24","author":"Abdulraheem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ajp.20200603.39","article-title":"Newborn transport practices: influence on newborn survival in <city>Benin City<\/city>,Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Okonkwo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Pediatrics."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2016.v106i5.8554","article-title":"An analysis of inter-healthcare facility transfer of neonates within the eThekwini Health District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"106","author":"Ashokcoomar","year":"2016","journal-title":"S Afr Med J."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-18-00147","article-title":"Helping babies breathe, second edition: a model for strengthening educational programs to increase global newborn survival","volume":"6","author":"Kamath-Rayne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract."},{"key":"B52","unstructured":"GenevaWorld Health OrganizationEssential Newborn Care Course\u2014Interim Version of Second Edition2022"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-316319","article-title":"Helping babies breathe and its effects on intrapartum-related stillbirths and neonatal mortality in low-resource settings: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Versantvoort","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20193938","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-3938","article-title":"Implementation of the helping babies breathe training program: a systematic review","volume":"146","author":"Morris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/9781610025256","volume-title":"Textbook of neonatal resuscitation, 8th Edition. 6th ed","author":"Weiner","year":"2021"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1069","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3848","article-title":"Randomized trial comparing 3 approaches to the initial respiratory management of preterm neonates","volume":"128","author":"Dunn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072788","article-title":"Nasal CPAP or intubation at birth for very preterm infants","volume":"358","author":"Morley","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0756","article-title":"Delivery room continuous positive airway pressure and pneumothorax","volume":"144","author":"Smithhart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911783","article-title":"Early CPAP versus surfactant in extremely preterm infants","volume":"362","author":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD001243","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001243.pub4","article-title":"Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants","volume":"10","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.02.009","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure: physiology and comparison of devices","volume":"21","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.07.074","article-title":"The effect of extended continuous positive airway pressure on changes in lung volumes in stable premature infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"217","author":"Lam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.6619","article-title":"Interventions to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"176","author":"Abiramalatha","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2006.12.008","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure and noninvasive ventilation","volume":"34","author":"Courtney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-318165","article-title":"Bubble versus other continuous positive airway pressure forms: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"105","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.02.003","article-title":"Non-invasive respiratory support for infants in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"21","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2018.04.004","article-title":"Risk and benefits of bubble continuous positive airway pressure for neonatal and childhood respiratory diseases in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"29","author":"Ekhaguere","year":"2019","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD002271","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002975.pub2","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants","volume":"10","author":"Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475516630210","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to treat respiratory distress in newborns in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"47","author":"Dewez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop Doct."},{"key":"B70","unstructured":"Dolphin CPAP2017"},{"key":"B71","unstructured":"NCPAP 300 Chennai, India2020"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjinnov-2020-000598","article-title":"Newborn care technology investments for LMIC settings: a CPAP approach","volume":"7","author":"Kasali","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Innov."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1949278","article-title":"Cost implication of CPAP use in low resource settings, surmounting the oxygen administration challenge","volume":"2021","author":"Okonkwo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16050","article-title":"Limited resources restrict the provision of adequate neonatal respiratory care in the countries of Africa","volume":"111","author":"Tooke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0252718","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252718","article-title":"Experiences with implementation of continuous positive airway pressure for neonates and infants in low-resource settings: a scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Dada","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-020-00124-7","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to implementing bubble CPAP to improve neonatal health in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Kinshella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Public Health Rev."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S318218","article-title":"Nonclinical bench performance testing of a very low-cost nonelectric bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) and blenders device designed for newborn respiratory support","volume":"15","author":"Coffey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Dev Evid Res."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.08948","article-title":"Evaluation of a bubble cpap system for low resource settings","volume":"66","author":"Dundek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.10.24911","article-title":"Implementing bubble continuous positive airway pressure in a lower middle-income country: a Nigerian experience","volume":"37","author":"Aneji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86327","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086327","article-title":"Efficacy of a low-cost bubble CPAP system in treatment of respiratory distress in a neonatal ward in Malawi","volume":"9","author":"Kawaza","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.29","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of CPAP in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"1","author":"Thukral","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30261-9","article-title":"Bubble CPAP in resource-poor settings: friend or foe?","volume":"7","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"key":"B83","volume-title":"Oxygen Therapy for Children: A Manual for Health Workers","year":"2016"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-03006-2","article-title":"Testing positive pressure delivered from commercial and WHO-style pediatric bubble CPAP devices","volume":"21","author":"Ettinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-318073","article-title":"Basic principles of neonatal bubble CPAP: effects on CPAP delivery and imposed work of breathing when altering the original design","volume":"105","author":"Baldursdottir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04251","article-title":"Evaluating the effect of flow and interface type on pressures delivered with bubble CPAP in a simulated model","volume":"61","author":"Bailes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01204","article-title":"High flow through a nasal cannula and CPAP effect in a simulated infant model","volume":"56","author":"Volsko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"B88","unstructured":"Target Product Profile CPAP- Respiratory Support Chicago2020"},{"key":"B89","unstructured":"New ZealandBubble CPAP System Panmure2022"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05762","article-title":"Evaluation of a low-cost bubble CPAP system designed for resource-limited settings","volume":"63","author":"Bennett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Care."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20190668","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0668","article-title":"Neonatal CPAP for respiratory distress across Malawi and mortality","volume":"144","author":"Carns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B92","unstructured":"Diamedica Baby CPAP England2015"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2019.1598125","article-title":"A new low-cost commercial bubble CPAP (bCPAP) machine compared with a traditional bCPAP device in Nigeria","volume":"39","author":"Amadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Paediatr Int Child Health."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0235031","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235031","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of Pumani bubble-CPAP versus oxygen therapy among preterm babies presenting with respiratory distress at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania-Randomised trial","volume":"15","author":"Mwatha","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e615","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30145-6","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure for children with undifferentiated respiratory distress in Ghana: an open-label, cluster, crossover trial","volume":"5","author":"Wilson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60249-5","article-title":"Bubble continuous positive airway pressure for children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in Bangladesh: AN open, randomised controlled trial","volume":"386","author":"Chisti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30243-7","article-title":"Bubble continuous positive airway pressure for children with high-risk conditions and severe pneumonia in Malawi: an open label, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"McCollum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"key":"B98","volume-title":"Model List of Essential Medicines for Children-\u22128th List","year":"2021"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.035","article-title":"Oxygen radical disease in the newborn, revisited: oxidative stress and disease in the newborn period","volume":"142","author":"Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-021-01040-7","article-title":"Oxygen management among infants in neonatal units in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"41","author":"Herrod","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_496_19","article-title":"The changing scenario of retinopathy of prematurity in middle and low income countries: unique solutions for unique problems","volume":"67","author":"Vinekar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B102","first-page":"S89","article-title":"Update on blindness due to retinopathy of prematurity globally and in India","volume":"2","author":"Blencowe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.07.037","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of blindness in children in Vietnam","volume":"119","author":"Limburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10358","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2016.v106i6.10358","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity screening criteria and workload implications at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa: a cross-sectional study","volume":"106","author":"Visser Kift","year":"2016","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000645","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2020-000645","article-title":"Strengthening retinopathy of prematurity screening and treatment services in Nigeria: a case study of activities, challenges and outcomes 2017\u20132020","volume":"6","author":"Ademola-Popoola","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1585885","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity in Africa: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.19080\/AJPN.2020.08.555808","article-title":"A low-cost venturi ambient air-oxygen blender for neonatal oxygen therapy","volume":"8","author":"Mollazadeh-Moghaddam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acad J Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4045899","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4045899","article-title":"A low-resource oxygen blender prototype for use in modified bubble CPAP circuits","volume":"14","author":"Floersch","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Dev"},{"key":"B109","unstructured":"Air-Oxygen Blender2022"},{"key":"B110","unstructured":"Oxygen Blenders from Bio-Med Devices2022"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202104-1013OC","article-title":"Resources and geographic access to care for severe pediatric pneumonia in four resource-limited settings","volume":"205","author":"Simkovich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.1991.72500","article-title":"The natural history of the appearance of apnea of prematurity","volume":"29","author":"Barrington","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01957.x","article-title":"The effect of gestational age on the incidence and duration of recurrent apnoea in newborn babies","volume":"17","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"1981","journal-title":"Aust Paediatr J."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD001072","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001072","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants","volume":"2001","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(86)90060-6","article-title":"Pharmacologic effects of theophylline in the newborn","volume":"78","author":"Aranda","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.040","article-title":"The effect of caffeine on diaphragmatic activity and tidal volume in preterm infants","volume":"167","author":"Kraaijenga","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80735-5","article-title":"Effect of caffeine on control of breathing in infantile apnea","volume":"103","author":"Aranda","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd000273","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000273.pub2","article-title":"Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants","volume":"2010","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3757","article-title":"Apnea of prematurity","volume":"137","author":"Eichenwald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054065","article-title":"Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity","volume":"354","author":"Schmidt","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa073679","article-title":"Long-term effects of caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity","volume":"357","author":"Schmidt","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20174047","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-4047","article-title":"Neurobehavioral outcomes 11 years after neonatal caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity","volume":"141","author":"M\u00fcrner-Lavanchy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e146","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1014","article-title":"Economic evaluation of caffeine for apnea of prematurity","volume":"127","author":"Dukhovny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200023050-00002","article-title":"Risks and benefits of therapies for apnoea in premature infants","volume":"23","author":"Hascoet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"B125","unstructured":"Model List of Essential Medicines2009"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2020.101182","article-title":"Is caffeine available and affordable in low and middle-income countries? A survey in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"25","author":"Ekhaguere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e007682","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-007682","article-title":"Caffeine for the care of preterm infants in sub-Saharan Africa: a missed opportunity?","volume":"6","author":"Nabwera","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-020-00404-4","article-title":"Caffeine for the treatment of apnea in the neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic overview of meta-analyses","volume":"22","author":"Alhersh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paediatr Drugs."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3283","article-title":"Surfactant-replacement therapy for respiratory distress in the preterm and term neonate","volume":"121","author":"Engle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405263302102","article-title":"Effect of surfactant on morbidity, mortality, and resource use in newborn infants weighing 500 to 1500 g","volume":"330","author":"Schwartz","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd000144","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000144.pub3","article-title":"Animal derived surfactant extract versus protein free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"2015","author":"Ardell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.06.024","article-title":"Synthetic surfactant CHF5633 compared with poractant alfa in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"225","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.07185","article-title":"Surfactant preparations for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: past, present, and future","volume":"62","author":"Jeon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr."},{"key":"B134","first-page":"1276","article-title":"The scope and extent of exogenous surfactant utilization in Nigerian health care facilities: benefits of its regular use to outcome of premature babies","volume":"33","author":"Okonkwo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.31","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of surfactant replacement therapy for preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Sankar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0127-7","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"5","author":"Th\u00e9baud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.2401","article-title":"Effects of multiple ventilation courses and duration of mechanical ventilation on respiratory outcomes in extremely low-birth-weight infants","volume":"169","author":"Jensen","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.043","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: executive summary of a workshop","volume":"197","author":"Higgins","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0281-x","article-title":"Supraglottic airway devices for surfactant treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Calevo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000228","article-title":"Less invasive surfactant administration in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome-an updated meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.2929","article-title":"Effect of minimally invasive surfactant therapy vs sham treatment on death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: the OPTIMIST-a randomized clinical trial","volume":"326","author":"Dargaville","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.09.068","article-title":"Laryngeal mask airway for surfactant administration in neonates: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"193","author":"Roberts","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1323592","article-title":"Administration of rescue surfactant by laryngeal mask airway: lessons from a pilot trial","volume":"30","author":"Attridge","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60986-0","article-title":"Avoidance of mechanical ventilation by surfactant treatment of spontaneously breathing preterm infants (AMV): an open-label, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"378","author":"G\u00f6pel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1159\/000499361","article-title":"European consensus guidelines on the management of respiratory distress syndrome-\u22122019 update","volume":"115","author":"Sweet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neonatology."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1159\/000518396","article-title":"Less-invasive surfactant administration for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a consensus guideline","volume":"118","author":"Reynolds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neonatology."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F655","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-316557","article-title":"Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA): chances and limitations","volume":"104","author":"Herting","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23113","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023113","article-title":"Nebulized versus invasively delivered surfactant therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Rong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.02.054","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of nebulized poractant alfa in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome","author":"Dani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.21892","article-title":"Effect of minimally invasive surfactant therapy vs sham treatment on death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: the OPTIMIST\u2014a randomized clinical trial","volume":"326","author":"Dargaville","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1875438","article-title":"The minimal invasive surfactant therapy: experience from a low resource setting","volume":"2021","author":"Ajanwaenyi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4314\/njp.v43i1.2","article-title":"Scope of neonatal care services in major Nigerian Hospitals","volume":"43","author":"Okonkwo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Niger J Paed."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.4314\/njp.v43i2.1","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities for neonatal respiratory support in Nigeria: a case for regionalisation of care","volume":"43","author":"Okolo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Niger J Paediatr."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13853","article-title":"Interventions to reduce neonatal mortality: a mathematical model to evaluate impact of interventions in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"106","author":"Griffin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3212","article-title":"Neonatal mortality from respiratory distress syndrome: lessons for low-resource countries","volume":"127","author":"Kamath","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2006141","article-title":"Critical supply shortages\u2014the need for ventilators and personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"382","author":"Ranney","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0008412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008412","article-title":"Global resource shortages during COVID-19: Bad news for low-income countries","volume":"14","author":"McMahon","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"B158","unstructured":"COVID-19\u2014WHO Boosts Nigeria's Response to COVID-19, Donates 26 Ventilators and 3560 Pulse Oximeters2021"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.349","article-title":"A low-cost field ventilator: an urgent global need","volume":"4","author":"Nachiappan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep."},{"key":"B160","unstructured":"Ventilators2022"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0266810","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266810","article-title":"PVP1-The People's Ventilator Project: a fully open, low-cost, pressure-controlled ventilator research platform compatible with adult and pediatric uses","volume":"17","author":"LaChance","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD000503","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000503.pub3","article-title":"Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants","volume":"2014","author":"Bell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741365","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.741365","article-title":"Correlation of early nutritional supply and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants <1,000 g","volume":"9","author":"Thiess","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3182408812","article-title":"Effectiveness-implementation hybrid designs: combining elements of clinical effectiveness and implementation research to enhance public health impact","volume":"50","author":"Curran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Care."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.03.008","article-title":"Telemedicine in the era of COVID-19","volume":"8","author":"Portnoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e048506","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048506","article-title":"eHBB: a randomised controlled trial of virtual reality or video for neonatal resuscitation refresher training in healthcare workers in resource-scarce settings","volume":"11","author":"Umoren","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0228915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228915","article-title":"Barriers and enablers of implementing bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP): perspectives of health professionals in Malawi","volume":"15","author":"Nyondo-Mipando","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.961509\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T08:43:52Z","timestamp":1659084232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2022.961509\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"references-count":167,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2022.961509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2022.961509","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"article-number":"961509"}}