{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T22:22:42Z","timestamp":1783981362272,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the performance of procalcitonin (PCT) assay between 12 and 36 h after onset of fever (PCT H12-H36) to predict invasive bacterial infection (IBI) (ie, meningitis and\/or bacteremia) in febrile neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively included all febrile neonates hospitalized in the general pediatric department in a teaching hospital from January 2013 to December 2019. PCT assay \u2264 0.6 ng\/ml was defined as negative. The primary outcome was to study the performance of PCT H12-H36 to predict IBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 385 included neonates, IBI was ascertainable for 357 neonates (92.7%). We found 16 IBI: 3 meningitis and 13 bacteremia. Sensitivity and specificity of PCT H12-H36 in the identification of IBI were, respectively, 100% [95% CI 82.9\u2013100%] and 71.8% [95% CI 66.8\u201376.6%], with positive and negative predictive values of 14.3% [95% CI 8.4\u201322.2%] and 100% [95% CI 98.8\u2013100%] respectively. Of the 259 neonates who had a PCT assay within the first 12 h of fever (&amp;lt; H12) and a PCT assay after H12-H36, 8 had IBI. Two of these 8 neonates had a negative &amp;lt; H12 PCT but a positive H12-H36 PCT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PCT H12-H36 did not miss any IBI whereas &amp;lt; H12 PCT could missed IBI diagnoses. PCT H12-H36 might be included in clinical decision rule to help physicians to stop early antibiotics in febrile neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.968207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T08:49:47Z","timestamp":1664441387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Procalcitonin at 12\u201336 hours of fever for prediction of invasive bacterial infections in hospitalized febrile 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