{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:01:16Z","timestamp":1790791276101,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic constipation is common in children and often requires prolonged laxative treatment. Preliminary studies suggest that the probiotic <jats:italic>Limosilactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>L. reuteri<\/jats:italic>) may be useful in treating constipation in children, but these preliminary results need to be replicated. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of <jats:italic>L. reuteri<\/jats:italic> in infants and young children with chronic functional constipation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 5 pediatric departments in France between June 2017 and June 2021. In all, 49 patients\u2014ages 6 months to 4 years, and suffering from chronic constipation per Rome IV criteria\u2014were randomly allocated to the test and control groups. For 4 weeks, all were orally administered 5 daily drops of the test (<jats:italic>L. reuteri<\/jats:italic> DSM 17938 at 10<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> colony-forming units per day) or control (placebo) treatment, respectively. Participants were clinically assessed at 4 and 8 weeks. Parents were asked to daily record the number of spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs), stool consistency, and the use of any additional laxatives. Informed consent was obtained from parents of all recruited patients, and the study was approved by both an ethics committee and the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (ANSM). The study is registered on <jats:ext-link>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> (NCT03030664).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The change in SBMs relative to baseline was greater in the control group at week 4 (control: 0.27\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5; test: 0.23\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and in the test group at week 8 (control: 0.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4; test: 0.22\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). At week 4, the groups did not differ in number of responders (\u22653 stools per week, with no non-retentive fecal incontinence), use of rescue medication, scoring of pain during defecation (Faces Pain Scale\u2013Revised), or stool consistency (Bristol Stool Form Scale).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This double-blind randomized controlled trial did not confirm the efficacy of <jats:italic>L. reuteri<\/jats:italic> for treatment of chronic functional constipation in young children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.997104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T06:33:14Z","timestamp":1666765994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of L. reuteri on bowel movements in children aged 6\u00a0months to 4 years: A double-blind randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Camille","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Kalach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Degas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Jeridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bellaiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000266","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and\u00a0children:\u00a0evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN","volume":"58","author":"Tabbers","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00181","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.015","article-title":"Functional disorders: children and adolescents","author":"Hyams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00182","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.016","article-title":"Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: neonate\/toddler","author":"Benninga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"0303","article-title":"Constipation in children","volume":"2010","author":"Tabbers","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31548-8","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"396","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2147\/CEG.S250755","article-title":"Quantification of intestinal Lactobacillus Species in children with functional constipation by quantitative real-time PCR","volume":"13","author":"Jomehzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840245","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.840245","article-title":"Lactobacillus spp. for gastrointestinal health: current and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Dempsey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.04.066","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938) in infants with functional chronic constipation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"157","author":"Coccorullo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E225","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010225","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and magnesium oxide in children with functional chronic constipation: a double-blind and randomized clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Kubota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2018.03.008","article-title":"The effectiveness of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 as an adjunct to macrogol in the treatment of functional constipation in children. 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