{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:18:55Z","timestamp":1791555535446,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have shown that various concentrations of low-concentration atropine can reduce myopia progression and control axial elongation safely and efficiently in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 0.02% and 0.01% atropine on ocular biometrics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cohort study. 138 and 142 children were randomized to use either 0.02% or 0.01% atropine eye drops, respectively. They wore single-vision (SV) spectacles, with one drop of atropine applied to both eyes nightly. Controls (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009120) wore only SV spectacles. Ocular and corneal astigmatism were calculated using Thibos vector analysis and split into J0 and J45.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The changes in cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) were \u22120.81\u2009\u00b1\u20090.52D, \u22120.94\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59D, and \u22121.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.72D; and 0.62\u2009\u00b1\u20090.29\u2005mm, 0.72\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31\u2005mm, and 0.89\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35\u2005mm in the 0.02% and 0.01% atropine and control groups, respectively (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Both anterior chamber depth (ACD) and ocular astigmatism (including J0) increased, and lens power decreased in the three groups (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). However, there were no differences in the changes in ACD, ocular astigmatism, and lens power among the three groups (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). Intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal curvature, ocular astigmatism J45, and corneal astigmatism (including J0 and J45) remained stable over time in the three groups (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). The contributions to SER progression from the changes in AL, lens and corneal power of the three groups were similar (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). The contribution of AL change alone to the change in SER was 56.3%, 63.4% and 78.2% in the above corresponding three groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 2 years, 0.02% and 0.01% atropine had no clinical effects on corneal and lens power, ocular and corneal astigmatism, ACD or IOP compared to the control group. 0.02% and 0.01% atropine helped to control myopia progression mainly by reducing AL elongation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1095495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T05:25:52Z","timestamp":1673933152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of 0.02% and 0.01% atropine on ocular biometrics: A two-year clinical 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