{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:32:29Z","timestamp":1789000349209,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is an irreversible chronic obstructive lung disease in small airways. The aim of this study was to identify the relevant risk factors for the development of BO in children after suffering from adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An observational cohort study that included 112 children suffering from ADV pneumonia in our institution from March 2019 to March 2020 was performed. We divided the children into a BO group and a non-BO group based on whether they did develop BO or not. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to identify risk factors for the development of BO. The prediction probability model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-eight children (25%) did develop BO after suffering from ADV pneumonia, while 84 children did not. Respiratory support (OR 6.772, 95% CI 2.060\u201322.260, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.002), extended length of wheezing days (OR 1.112, 95% CI 1.040\u20131.189, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.002) and higher lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.000\u20131.003, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.012) were independently associated with the development of BO. The predictive value of this prediction probability model was validated by the ROC curve, with an area under the curve of 0.870 (95% CI 0.801\u20130.939, <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;\u20090.001), a standard error of 0.035, a maximum Youden's index of 0.608, a sensitivity of 0.929, and a specificity of 0.679.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>After suffering an ADV pneumonia, children who have needed respiratory support, had a longer length of wheezing days or had higher LDH levels are more likely to develop BO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1335543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T04:27:54Z","timestamp":1704860874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans in children after suffering from adenovirus pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jiahao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyue","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manke","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruizhu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialing","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1204664","article-title":"Obliterative bronchiolitis","volume":"370","author":"Barker","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5852827","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5852827","article-title":"Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children: diagnostic workup and therapeutic options: a workshop report","volume":"30","author":"Jerkic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2021.05.001","article-title":"Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children: clinical and radiological evaluation and long-term results","volume":"50","author":"Yazan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24221","article-title":"Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans","volume":"54","author":"Colom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2019.1586537","article-title":"Diagnosing and managing bronchiolitis obliterans in children","volume":"13","author":"Kavaliunaite","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688661","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.688661","article-title":"Molecular characteristics of human adenovirus type 3 circulating in parts of China during 2014\u20132018","volume":"12","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"15011","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of respiratory adenovirus detection in hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05720-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of viral respiratory infections in a pediatric reference hospital in central Panama","volume":"21","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Samudio","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405870","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U. 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