{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:46:50Z","timestamp":1768405610023,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The therapy of ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in very small infants or infants with a high risk of ablation is tough and related articles are rare. Effective pharmacotherapy to suppress ventricular preexcitation is valuable.<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization in infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy, due to the disappearance of ventricular preexcitation during the placement of catheter, intermittent WPW pattern, and right mid septal accessory pathway respectively, had received pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization. The initial dosage of oral amiodarone was 5\u2005mg\/kg.d and it was followed by the maintenance dosage of 2\u20132.5\u2005mg\/kg.d 4 weeks later. Propafenone (15\u2005mg\/kg.d) served as a supplement since amiodarone was not adequate in case 3. The three infants achieved successful pharmacologic suppression of ventricular preexcitation 10, 6.5, and 4.5 weeks after the initiation of amiodarone respectively. They all got normalized contraction of interventricular septum and LVEF as well as reduced LVEDD gradually after the disappearance of ventricular preexcitation. No side effects associated with pharmacotherapy happened during the follow-up. Amiodarone had been withdrawn for 2 years and 5 months in Cases 1 and 2. They both remained free from ventricular preexcitation and retained normal LVEF and LVEDD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization with oral amiodarone or in combination with propafenone for infants with ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy is effective and safe. Pharmacotherapy for cardiac resynchronization served as another therapeutic choice besides ablation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1302534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T04:46:55Z","timestamp":1709268415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Case Report: Ventricular preexcitation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy improved by the pharmacologic suppression of ventricular preexcitation in three infants, and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dai","family":"Chencheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Wanming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shangguan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Baojing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yanyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Deyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-013-2070-z","article-title":"Dyssynchronous ventricular contraction in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: a risk factor for the development of dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"172","author":"Dai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"248","article-title":"Dyssynchronous ventricular activation in asymptomatic Wolff\u2013Parkinson\u2013White syndrome: a risk factor for development of dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"10","author":"Udink Ten Cate","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun005","article-title":"Adverse effects of Wolff\u2013Parkinson\u2013White syndrome with right septal or posteroseptal accessory pathways on cardiac function","volume":"10","author":"Tomaske","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e196","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.012968","article-title":"Marked septal dyskinesis from Wolff\u2013Parkinson\u2013White syndrome","volume":"130","author":"Niu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E179","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12124","article-title":"Radiofrequency catheter ablation for dyssynchrony-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in an infant","volume":"9","author":"Kwon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951104006031","article-title":"Ventricular preexcitation associated with dilated cardiomyopathy: a causal relationship?","volume":"14","author":"Emmel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux242","article-title":"The effect of ventricular pre-excitation on ventricular wall motion and left ventricular systolic function","volume":"20","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951118002500","article-title":"Hazards of ventricular pre-excitation to left ventricular systolic function and ventricular wall motion in children: analysis of 25 cases","volume":"29","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.02.009","article-title":"PACES\/HRS expert consensus statement on the use of catheter ablation in children and patients with congenital heart disease: developed in partnership with the pediatric and congenital electrophysiology society (PACES) and the heart rhythm society (HRS). 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