{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T09:09:34Z","timestamp":1778317774136,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate serial tissue Doppler cardiac imaging (TDI) in the evolution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) among extremely preterm infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single-center, tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infant born &amp;lt;28 weeks gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Utility of TDI in the early diagnosis and prediction of BPD-PH and optimal timing for screening of BPD-PH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 79 infants were included. Of them, 17 (23%) had BPD-PH. The mean gestational age was 25.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1 weeks, and mean birth weight was 830\u2009\u00b1\u2009174\u2005g. The BPD-PH group had a high incidence of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (83% vs. 56%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.018), longer oxygen days (96.16\u2009\u00b1\u200968.09 vs. 59.35\u2009\u00b1\u200952.1, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.008), and prolonged hospital stay (133.8\u2009\u00b1\u200945.9 vs. 106.5\u2009\u00b1\u200937.9 days, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.005). The left ventricular eccentricity index (0.99\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 vs. 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) and the ratio of acceleration time to right ventricular ejection time showed a statistically significant trend from 33 weeks (0.24\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05 vs. 0.28\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). At 33 weeks, the BPD-PH group showed prolonged isovolumetric contraction time (27.84\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5 vs. 22.77\u2009\u00b1\u20094, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time (40.3\u2009\u00b1\u20097.1 vs. 34.9\u2009\u00b1\u20095.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.003), and abnormal myocardial performance index (0.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05 vs. 0.32\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). These differences persisted at 36 weeks after conceptional gestational age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TDI parameters are sensitive in the early evolution of BPD-PH. Diagnostic accuracy can be increased by combining the TDI parameters with conventional echocardiographic parameters. BPD-PH can be recognizable as early as 33\u201334 weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1349175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T04:41:05Z","timestamp":1712292065000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Serial tissue Doppler imaging in the evaluation of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension among extremely preterm infants: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Krishna Revanna","family":"Gopagondanahalli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Alim","family":"Abdul Haium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shrenik 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