{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:55:47Z","timestamp":1781654147553,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unlike in developed countries, neonatal morbidity and mortality are the leading challenges associated with easily preventable and treatable disorders during the neonatal period in low- and middle-income countries. However, evidence-based data about prolonged transitional hypoglycemia and associated factors are highly limited in Ethiopia and resource-limited countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An institution-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at public hospitals in South Gondar in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize maternal characteristics. Multivariate binary logistic regression at a <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value &amp;lt;0.05 was used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 400 neonates, admitted to NICUs in public hospitals within 48\u201372\u2005h of birth between October 2, 2021, and June 30, 2022, were included in the study. The incidence of prolonged transitional neonatal hypoglycemia (PTHG) was 23.5% (19.3%\u201328%). The factors associated with PTHG were hypothermia (AOR\u2009=\u20094.41; 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.72\u201310.92), preterm birth (AOR\u2009=\u20093.5; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.69\u201311.97), perinatal asphyxia (AOR\u2009=\u20092.5; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.34\u20139.67), and pathological jaundice (AOR\u2009=\u20092.3; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.21\u201310.34). In contrast, spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) was a protective factor (AOR\u2009=\u20090.72; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.35\u20130.88).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of (PTHG) was nearly one-fifth. Factors increasing the risk of PTHG were hypothermia, preterm birth, perinatal asphyxia (PNA), early onset of sepsis (EONS), and pathological jaundice. Spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) was also a protective factor. Preventing neonatal hypothermia was the main measure used to reduce PTHG in the study area. Special attention could be given to neonates with prematurity, early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS), birth asphyxia, and pathological jaundice, as monitoring their RBS could lead to a significant change in reducing PTHG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1381867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T04:51:14Z","timestamp":1729745474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Incidence of prolonged transitional neonatal hypoglycemia and associated factors among neonatal admissions in South Gondar public hospitals, North-Central Ethiopia: a prospective cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Solomon Demis","family":"Kebede","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tigabu Munye","family":"Aytenew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kindu","family":"Agmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Worku Necho","family":"Asferie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natnael","family":"Moges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.5.1141","article-title":"Controversies regarding definition of neonatal hypoglycemia: suggested operational thresholds","volume":"105","author":"Cornblath","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-37914\/v1","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypoglycaemia in Neonates at St. Paul\u2019s Hospital Millennium Medical College Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","author":"Fantahun","year":"2020"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ajp.20220801.15","article-title":"Hypoglycaemia in the early neonatal period in newborns","volume":"8","author":"Taranushenko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Pediatr"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2016-0063","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"38","author":"Thompson-Branch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.29309\/TPMJ\/2014.21.04.5568","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia: presenting pattern and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"21","author":"Bhand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Professional Med J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504909","article-title":"Neonatal glycemia and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years","volume":"373","author":"McKinlay","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"27","article-title":"Defining neonatal hypoglycaemia: a continuing debate","volume-title":"Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine","author":"Tin","year":"2014"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"618","article-title":"Neonatal energy substrate production","volume":"130","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.3.476","article-title":"Neurologic outcomes of 90 neonates and infants with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia","volume":"107","author":"Menni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2002","article-title":"Occipital lobe injury and cortical visual outcomes after neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"122","author":"Tam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1579","article-title":"Association of neonatal glycemia with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 4.5 years","volume":"171","author":"McKinlay","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-18.3.199","article-title":"Management strategies for neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"18","author":"Sweet","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00120-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN inter-agency group for child mortality estimation","volume":"386","author":"You","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8430246","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8430246","article-title":"Under-five mortality and associated risk factors in rural settings of Ethiopia: evidences from 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey","volume":"1","author":"Gebremichael","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Public Health"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00034","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for hypoglycemia during fetal-to-neonatal transition in premature infants","volume":"8","author":"Mitchell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.05.022","article-title":"Incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in babies identified as at risk","volume":"161","author":"Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.20.7.e6","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"20","author":"McGowan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Kebede","year":"","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3823404\/v1"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-017-0003-9","article-title":"Racial differences in neonatal hypoglycemia among very early preterm births","volume":"38","author":"James-Todd","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2017.11.009","article-title":"Incidence of hypoglycemia in newborns at risk and an audit of the 2011 American academy of pediatrics guideline for hypoglycemia","volume":"59","author":"Hosagasi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-020-00275-y","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study","volume":"48","author":"Mukunya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"key":"B22","article-title":"Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) training. Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia","author":"Ababa","year":"2014"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.17957\/PMJ.21.04.2014.217","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia: presenting pattern and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia","volume":"21","author":"Bhand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prof Med J"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phmj.2008.06.002","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycaemia: prevalence and clinical manifestations in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Frank-Briggs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Port Harcourt Med J"},{"key":"B25","first-page":"107","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in the developing brain","volume-title":"Seminars in Perinatology","author":"Vannucci","year":"2000"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.47.5.831","article-title":"Incidence of hypoglycemia in newborn infants classified by birth weight and gestational age","volume":"47","author":"Lubchenco","year":"1971","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1391781","article-title":"Early neonatal hypoglycemia: incidence of and risk factors. A cohort study using universal point of care screening","volume":"32","author":"Bromiker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1515\/prilozi-2017-0013","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia: risk factors and outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Stomnaroska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prilozi"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.00021.x","article-title":"Classification and heterogeneity of preterm birth","volume":"110","author":"Moutquin","year":"2003","journal-title":"BJOG"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2024.1381867\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T04:51:16Z","timestamp":1729745476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2024.1381867\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2024.1381867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2024.1381867","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"article-number":"1381867"}}