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As an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagotor (GHS-R), ghrelin may play an important role in regulating growth and energy metabolic homeostasis from fetal to adult life. We reviewed the role of ghrelin in catch-up growth and energy metabolism of SGA in recent years. In addition to promoting SGA catch-up growth, ghrelin may also participate in SGA energy metabolism and maintain metabolic homeostasis. The causes of small gestational age infants are very complex and may be related to a variety of metabolic pathway disorders. The related signaling pathways regulated by ghrelin may help to identify high-risk groups of SGA metabolic disorders and formulate targeted interventions to prevent the occurrence of adult dwarfism, insulin resistance-related metabolic syndrome and other diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1395571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T19:25:05Z","timestamp":1718133905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of ghrelin in promoting catch-up growth and maintaining metabolic homeostasis in small-for-gestational-age infants"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dianyong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnad002","article-title":"International consensus guideline on small for gestational age (SGA): etiology and management from infancy to early adulthood","volume":"44","author":"Hokken-Koelega","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.38.1.4396","article-title":"Genomic imbalances in the placenta are associated with poor fetal growth","volume":"38","author":"Del Gobbo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.1090","article-title":"Evaluation of topical corticosteroid use in pregnancy and risk of newborns being small for gestational age and having low birth weight","volume":"157","author":"Andersson","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e031238","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031238","article-title":"Examining the predictive accuracy of metabolomics for small-for-gestational-age babies: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Leite","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70006-8","article-title":"National and regional estimates of term and preterm babies born small for gestational age in 138 low-income and middle-income countries in 2010","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.11.057","article-title":"Nutritional requirements and feeding recommendations for small for gestational age infants","volume":"162","author":"Tudehope","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711400","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.711400","article-title":"Small for gestational age preterm neonates exhibit defective GH\/IGF1 signaling pathway","volume":"9","author":"Motte-Signoret","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"JOE-21-0087.R1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-21-0087","article-title":"The growth hormone-insulin like growth factor axis in pregnancy","volume":"1","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"574","article-title":"Growth hormone receptor gene polymorphism. 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