{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:37:21Z","timestamp":1789537041744,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The dissemination of <jats:italic>Molluscum contagiosum<\/jats:italic> (MC), a prevalent pediatric cutaneous viral infection, is enhanced upon atopic dermatitis (AD) or compromised epidermal barrier function. However, the potential influence of AD on the course of MC remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of AD on MC treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this clinical retrospective study, we enrolled children with MC and divided them into control (patients with MC alone) and observation (patients with both MC and AD) groups. Parameters such as sex, age, treatment sessions, and treatment duration were recorded for all patients. Efficacy endpoints were defined as complete clearance, with no further MC treatment required for half a year. Chi-squared and <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>-tests were performed to compare the clinical and demographic parameters between the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 2,278 patients, 1,931 (84.77%) had MC alone, and 347 (15.23%) had concurrent MC and AD. Significant differences were observed in treatment sessions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) between the two groups. However, sex, age, and treatment duration did not differ significantly between the groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>AD increased the number of treatment sessions of MC in children but was not closely related to sex, age, or treatment duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1543309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T05:28:04Z","timestamp":1751866084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molluscum contagiosum with atopic dermatitis: a clinical retrospective study of 2,278 children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tingying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guili","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm2113300","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum","volume":"386","author":"Silverman","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aivir.2014.11.004","article-title":"Immune evasion strategies of Molluscum contagiosum virus","volume":"92","author":"Shisler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Virus Res"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2174\/1872213X11666170518114456","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum: an update","volume":"11","author":"Leung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"S4","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum: epidemiology, considerations, treatment options, and therapeutic gaps","volume":"16","author":"Hebert","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-022-00826-7","article-title":"New developing treatments for Molluscum contagiosum","volume":"12","author":"Lacarrubba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2147\/ccid.S187224","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum: an update and review of new perspectives in etiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"12","author":"Meza-Romero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"301","article-title":"Pediatric Molluscum: an update","volume":"104","author":"Silverberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv39983","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v104.39983","article-title":"Does Molluscum contagiosum need to be managed differently in atopic children?","volume":"104","author":"Andre","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1590\/s0365-05962011000400006","article-title":"A study of the correlation between Molluscum contagiosum and atopic dermatitis in children","volume":"86","author":"Seize","year":"2011","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"191","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum virus infection can trigger atopic dermatitis disease onset or flare","volume":"102","author":"Silverberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15979","article-title":"Development and validation of new diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis in children of China","volume":"34","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.17157","article-title":"Association between filaggrin gene mutations and the clinical features of Molluscum contagiosum: the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study","volume":"51","author":"Kojima","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-57165-7_10","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum virus: biology and immune response","volume":"1451","author":"Santacroce","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp15X688093","article-title":"Molluscum contagiosum and associations with atopic eczema in children: a retrospective longitudinal study in primary care","volume":"66","author":"Olsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.012","article-title":"Progressive activation of Th2\/Th22 cytokines and selective epidermal proteins characterizes acute and chronic atopic dermatitis","volume":"130","author":"Gittler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1159\/000327888","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of Molluscum contagiosum in children in a private dermatology practice in the greater Paris area, France: a prospective study in 661 patients","volume":"222","author":"Osio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.107773","article-title":"The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Oregon schoolchildren","volume":"43","author":"Laughter","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2022.2104445","article-title":"Periocular Molluscum contagiosum in an atopic dermatitis patient treated with upadacitinib","volume":"33","author":"Luca","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.08.035","article-title":"The epidemiology of Molluscum contagiosum in children","volume":"54","author":"Dohil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dig World Core Med J"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmt075","article-title":"Epidemiology of Molluscum contagiosum in children: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Olsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.09.064","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of an investigational nitric oxide-releasing topical gel in patients with Molluscum contagiosum: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"82","author":"Hebert","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD004767","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004767.pub3","article-title":"Interventions for cutaneous Molluscum contagiosum","author":"van der Wouden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41514","DOI":"10.2196\/41514","article-title":"From the Cochrane Library: interventions for cutaneous Molluscum contagiosum","volume":"6","author":"Oganesyan","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Dermatol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2010.09.003","article-title":"Are lifetime prevalence of impetigo, Molluscum and herpes infection really increased in children having atopic dermatitis?","volume":"60","author":"Hayashida","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67391","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.67391","article-title":"Resolution of Molluscum contagiosum after discontinuation of topical corticosteroids during dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis: a case report","volume":"16","author":"Yunoki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1072","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1054","article-title":"Recognizing and managing eczematous id reactions to Molluscum contagiosum virus in children","volume":"129","author":"Netchiporouk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14257","article-title":"Dupilumab may facilitate the clearance of Molluscum contagiosum in atopic dermatitis patients","volume":"18","author":"Lernia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1543309\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T05:28:05Z","timestamp":1751866085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1543309\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2025.1543309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1543309","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"article-number":"1543309"}}