{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:41:11Z","timestamp":1772120471427,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-interferon-\u03b3 autoantibodies (AIGAs) are associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome, which makes individuals susceptible to intracellular pathogen infections. However, AIGAs are rarely reported in adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a 13-year-old Chinese boy who presented with fever, cough, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Blood cultures yielded <jats:italic>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Talaromyces marneffei<\/jats:italic> (TM) was cultured from pericardial effusion. Whole exome sequencing revealed no pathogenic variants. Notably, high levels of neutralizing AIGAs were detected in the patient's serum. After receiving treatment for <jats:italic>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic> and antifungal therapy for TM, the patient showed significant improvement. However, at the 19-month follow-up, the patient developed a <jats:italic>Mycobacterium asiaticum<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case highlights the importance of screening for AIGAs in pediatric patients with disseminated TM or NTM infections. Prolonged treatment and continuous follow-up remains crucial for managing pediatric patients with AIGAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1552469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T07:07:36Z","timestamp":1740640056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case Report: Anti-interferon-\u03b3 autoantibodies in an adolescent with disseminated Talaromyces marneffei and mycobacterial 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