{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:52:58Z","timestamp":1790790778723,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requires children to remain still for extended periods, often necessitating sedation, which carries risks and raises costs. Non-pharmacologic strategies such as video goggles, evening scheduling, mock MRI training, and child life specialist-led preparation have been explored. The effectiveness of parental presence, especially in younger children, remains underexamined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial included children aged 3\u201310 years referred for short stature evaluation. All were admitted for GH testing and underwent pituitary MRI if peak GH was \u22646.0\u2005ng\/ml. Participants were stratified by age (3\u20136 and 7\u201310 years) and randomized to parent present or absent groups using block randomization. MRI success was assessed in three steps: Step 1, completion of all sequences; Step 2, image quality (no, mild, or severe artifacts) evaluated blindly by two pediatricians; Step 3, final success defined as completion with no or mild artifacts. Exploratory variables included sibling number and crying during routine vaccinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty children were enrolled, with 40 assigned to each group. Step 1: Completion rates were 30\/40 (75.0%) in the parent present group and 22\/40 (55.0%) in the parent absent group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.25). In children aged 3\u20136 years, completion was significantly higher in the parent present group (13\/22, 59.1%) than in the parent absent group (4\/22, 18.2%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Step 2: Among 52 who completed MRI, image quality was no\/mild\/severe artifact in 11\/17\/2 children (parent present) and 12\/10\/0 (parent absent) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.38). Step 3: Final success was achieved in 28\/40 (70.0%) in the parent present group and 22\/40 (55.0%) in the parent absent group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.25). In the 3\u20136-year subgroup, success was significantly higher in the parent present group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012; OR\u2009=\u20096.50, 95% CI: 1.64\u201325.76). No difference was observed in the 7\u201310-year subgroup. Crying during vaccinations and sibling number were not associated with MRI success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parental presence significantly improved non-sedated MRI success in children aged 3\u20136 years. Compared to other interventions, it is simple, safe, low-cost, and requires no specialized resources, supporting its use as a first-line strategy in younger children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1559935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T05:22:01Z","timestamp":1750656121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Parental presence improves pediatric MRI success without sedation: a prospective randomized 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