{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:45:49Z","timestamp":1790959549337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies have shown that excessive screen time exposure and a lack of physical exercise are associated with nonspecific back pain in adolescents. Reduced screen time exposure and Surya Namaskars (Sun Salutations) have physical and psychological benefits. We aim to test a novel comprehensive school-based intervention module\u2014Screen time reduction and Surya Namaskars (SanSKAR) for reducing the proportion of school-going adolescents reporting nonspecific back pain. The word \u201csanskar\u201d originates in Sanskrit and roughly means good values or actions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study will be conducted in one of the six geographic divisions of a state in western India. 540 adolescent students from randomly selected urban and rural schools across five districts of this division will be included after informed assent and parental consent. Students\u2019 heights, weights, school bag weights, and the presence and characteristics of back pain will be recorded with an on-site clinical examination by a pediatric orthopedic surgeon to rule out specific causes. Those with nonspecific back pain will perform SanSKAR: at least 12 Surya Namaskars daily at least five days a week for 16 weeks with screen time exposure of not more than 60\u2005min per day. Post-intervention outcomes (proportion of students with back pain and its severity) will be measured at 8 weeks and 16 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study will help test a novel multipronged school-based intervention for back pain in adolescents. The results could inform practice changes for nonspecific back pain in school-going adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>identifier (CTRI\/2024\/07\/070522).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1582984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T15:00:31Z","timestamp":1755010831000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Screen time reduction and Surya Namaskars\u2014a comprehensive intervention for nonspecific back pain in adolescents: a study protocol"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Gauri A.","family":"Oka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish S.","family":"Ranade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayur K.","family":"Shinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasad D.","family":"Pore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-187","article-title":"Spinal pain in adolescents: prevalence, incidence, and course: a school-based two-year prospective cohort study in 1,300 danes aged 11\u201313","volume":"15","author":"Aartun","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318158d70b","article-title":"Epidemiology of adolescent spinal pain\u2014a systematic overview of the research literature","volume":"32","author":"Jeffries","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199506000-00012","article-title":"Low back pain in schoolchildren. 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