{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:14:47Z","timestamp":1753892087439,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection complicated by neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is rare and is associated with high mortality and poor neurological outcomes in survivors. Enhancing clinical understanding of this condition is essential to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A neonate presented with complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) as the initial clinical manifestation, which was successfully resolved following combined therapy with isoproterenol, hydrocortisone, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Maternal history of HSV infection during pregnancy, coupled with suspected herpetic skin lesions in the neonate, strongly suggested HSV as the putative etiology. Despite initiation of acyclovir therapy for confirmed HSV infection, the recurrence of cutaneous rash prompted further evaluation, leading to the diagnosis of NLE. Notably, no specific treatment was administered for NLE, as the condition remained clinically quiescent. Follow-up at 7 months of age revealed no neurological abnormalities, no recurrence of CAVB, and gradual resolution of the rash.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical presentations of neonatal HSV infection and NLE can overlap. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for successful treatment and improved prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1592459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T05:20:30Z","timestamp":1749705630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection combined with neonatal lupus erythematosus: a case reported"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minghuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29024","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29024","article-title":"Neonatal herpes Simplex virus infection: from the maternal infection to the child outcome","volume":"95","author":"De Rose","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.02.010","article-title":"Neonatal lupus: follow-up in infants with anti-SSA\/ro antibodies and review of the literature","volume":"16","author":"Zuppa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2021.166198","article-title":"Pregnancy and viral infections: mechanisms of fetal damage, diagnosis and prevention of neonatal adverse outcomes from cytomegalovirus to SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus","volume":"1867","author":"Auriti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0352-7","article-title":"Trends in the incidence, mortality, and cost of neonatal herpes Simplex virus hospitalizations in the United States from 2003 to 2014","volume":"39","author":"Donda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.05.001","article-title":"Neonatal herpes Simplex virus infection","volume":"29","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed9030063","article-title":"Stop in time: how to reduce unnecessary antibiotics in newborns with late-onset sepsis in neonatal intensive care","volume":"9","author":"De Rose","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.17.1.1-13.2004","article-title":"Neonatal herpes Simplex infection","volume":"17","author":"Kimberlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2018.02.004","article-title":"Neonatal herpes Simplex virus infections","volume":"42","author":"Pinninti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.04.071","article-title":"In defense of empiric acyclovir therapy in certain neonates","volume":"153","author":"Long","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/J.Jpeds.2008.04.027","article-title":"When should you initiate Acyclovir therapy in a neonate?","volume":"153","author":"Kimberlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003509","article-title":"Oral acyclovir suppression and neurodevelopment after neonatal herpes","volume":"365","author":"Kimberlin","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piac098","article-title":"Neonatal herpes Simplex virus: cutaneous recurrence is common on stopping prophylactic suppression therapy","volume":"11","author":"Waheed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199102143240704","article-title":"Predictors of morbidity and mortality in neonates with herpes simplex virus infections. 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