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We report a case of a 13-year-old girl who was admitted to our hospital 17\u2005h after oral ingestion of \u201cdiquat\u201d (a herbicide), and developed clinical symptoms of AOCS 21\u2005h later. The girl was treated with measures such as removing the toxins, using mannitol for dehydration, and elevating the affected limb. The patient's AOCS progressed relentlessly; on hospital day 4, after failure of conservative management, she underwent decompressive surgical fasciotomy (DSF) of the lower legs. The girl responded well to continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and continuous fascial decompression treatment. On hospital day 25, she underwent debridement and suture surgery on both lower legs. At discharge, the girl's lower legs bilateral suture incisions were healing well, and the affected legs could stand. Two months later, the girl was able to walk independently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1603429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T05:40:44Z","timestamp":1758087644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: A rare case of acute herbicide poisoning induced pediatric acute osteofascial compartment syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xueping","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome","volume":"183","author":"Eva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"645","article-title":"Guidelines on early diagnosis and treatment of acute compartment syndrome in China","volume":"22","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1097\/BPB.0000000000000985","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for acute compartment syndrome in pediatric tibia fractures","volume":"32","author":"Obey","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B2 .9799","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome. 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