{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:08:18Z","timestamp":1771466898500,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypospadias is a common congenital defect in males, with surgery remaining the primary treatment option. However, urethral reconstruction procedures often require additional tissue transplantation, which is limited by the availability of suitable tissue sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we prepared acellular dermal matrix (ADM) from foreskin obtained through circumcision and isolated urothelium-derived cells from patients with hypospadias. We then evaluated the growth of these urothelium-derived cells on the ADM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirmed successful decellularization of the foreskin dermal tissues and demonstrated that the resulting ADM exhibited minimal cytotoxicity toward primary urothelium-derived cells. CFSE and CCK-8 staining assays revealed robust urothelial cell growth on the ADM. Furthermore, the ADM with growing urothelium-derived cells displayed superior biomechanical properties compared to native ADM, suggesting that foreskin ADM is an excellent scaffold for urothelial cell growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings indicate that foreskin ADM is a promising alternative material for tissue engineering in the treatment of conditions like hypospadias that require urethral reconstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1628435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T05:27:01Z","timestamp":1754285221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acellular foreskin dermal matrix is efficient in supporting the growth of urothelial cells derived from hypospadias patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhiqing","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qunfang","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juntan","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aozhou","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27544","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.27544","article-title":"Hypospadias: a comprehensive review including its embryology, etiology and surgical techniques","volume":"14","author":"Halaseh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.06.027","article-title":"Hypospadias prevalence and trends in international birth defect surveillance systems, 1980\u20132010","volume":"76","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-006-0304-z","article-title":"Risk factors for hypospadias","volume":"166","author":"Brouwers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S48","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.4386","article-title":"Current hypospadias management: diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term patient-centred outcomes","volume":"11","author":"Keays","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00283","article-title":"Current Status of tissue engineering in the management of severe hypospadias","volume":"5","author":"Abbas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2019.04.008","article-title":"Tissue engineering: understanding the role of biomaterials and biophysical forces on cell functionality through computational and structural biotechnology analytical methods","volume":"17","author":"Almouemen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10112870","article-title":"Human acellular dermal matrix in reconstructive surgery-A review","volume":"10","author":"Gierek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20595131211038313","DOI":"10.1177\/20595131211038313","article-title":"Clinical applications of acellular dermal matrices: a review","volume":"8","author":"Petrie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scars Burn Heal"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEC.2009.0311","article-title":"Development of a porcine bladder acellular matrix with well-preserved extracellular bioactive factors for tissue engineering","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part C Methods"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.01.001","article-title":"Circumcision rates in the United States: rising or falling? 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