{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:51:10Z","timestamp":1790790670346,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential. While its clinicopathologic features have been described in adults, comprehensive data in the pediatric population remain limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients diagnosed with IMT at Shanxi Provincial Children's Hospital between January 2016 and June 2024. Clinical data, imaging, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and outcomes were systematically analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 16 patients with complete clinical data and follow-up information were included. There were 10 male and 6 female patients, with a median age of 5.0 years. The primary tumor locations and clinical manifestations were diverse: 8 cases were located in the abdominal and pelvic cavities, presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever; 4 cases were located in the head, neck, and facial region, with 3 presenting as painless localized masses and 1 with inspiratory dyspnea; 1 case each occurred in the chest wall, gluteal region, and left upper limb, all presenting with painless localized masses; and 1 case occurred in the lung, presenting with cough, sputum, and recurrent respiratory infections. All 16 patients underwent surgery; three developed local recurrence requiring re-operation. At last follow-up, 15 were disease-free and one remained stable on ALK-targeted therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric IMT is a rare, low-grade malignancy with favorable prognosis. Complete surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment. ALK-targeted therapy may benefit patients with unresectable or recurrent disease. Long-term surveillance is warranted due to the risk of recurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1667711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T05:33:07Z","timestamp":1756963987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in children: a single-center retrospective study of clinical features, management, and 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