{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T21:21:28Z","timestamp":1768512088126,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common functional urinary disorders in children and can markedly impair quality of life. Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition, and emerging evidence suggests that affected children are at increased risk of LUTS. Nevertheless, systematic investigations into the relationship between ADHD and urodynamic characteristics in pediatric LUTS remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ADHD and urodynamic features in children with LUTS using a case\u2013control design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective case\u2013control study including 144 children with LUTS, of whom 36 were diagnosed with ADHD. All participants underwent standardized urodynamic testing, with assessments of bladder capacity, detrusor pressure at maximum filling, and detrusor overactivity (DO). Children were categorized into ADHD and non-ADHD groups, and intergroup comparisons of urodynamic parameters were performed. Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess the independent association between ADHD and urodynamic abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with the non-ADHD group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009108), children with ADHD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936) exhibited significantly reduced volumes at first urge, strong urge, and maximum cystometric capacity (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Conversely, detrusor pressure at maximum filling and the prevalence of DO were significantly higher in the ADHD group (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Multivariable regression analysis identified DO as an independent predictor of urodynamic abnormalities in children with ADHD (OR\u2009=\u20093.43, 95% CI: 1.32\u20138.91,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.012).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with ADHD display significant functional bladder abnormalities on urodynamic testing, particularly reduced bladder capacity, increased detrusor pressure during filling, and heightened detrusor activity. ADHD may influence bladder function, at least in part, through neurobehavioral mechanisms. These findings provide valuable clinical insights for the management of LUTS in children with ADHD and underscore the importance of early screening and intervention. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to develop effective therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1755954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:26:44Z","timestamp":1768458404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Urodynamic characterization in children with lower urinary tract symptoms and comorbid ADHD: a retrospective matched case-control study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Urinary Disease Center Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Urinary Disease Center Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diyi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Urinary Disease Center Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22751","article-title":"The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the standardization committee of the international children's continence society","volume":"35","author":"Austin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455171","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1455171","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, psychological effects of children and adolescents with lower urinary tract symptoms: a large population-based study","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01736-3","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: relationships between attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and urinary symptoms in children","volume":"31","author":"Mahjani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20192528","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2528","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents","volume":"144","author":"Wolraich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6393","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11216393","article-title":"Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: comparison of hospital and population-based cohorts of 13,000 patients","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1009-8291.2023.04.013","article-title":"Advances in urodynamic evaluation of functional urinary incontinence in children","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Modern Urol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.171","article-title":"Treatment of nocturnal enuresis in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"178","author":"Chertin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.09.116","article-title":"Lower urinary tract conditions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: correlation of symptoms based on validated scoring systems","volume":"185","author":"Burgu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.11919\/j.issn.1002-0829.216088","article-title":"Risk factors of nocturnal enuresis in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"30","author":"Khazaie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch Psychiatry"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.08.029","article-title":"Functional urination or defecation disorders may be warning signs of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder among children in rural China","volume":"316","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1701658","article-title":"ADHD: current concepts and treatments in children and adolescents","volume":"51","author":"Drechsler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.15171\/jrip.2016.41","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children with overactive bladder; a case-control study","volume":"5","author":"Yousefichaijan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Renal Inj Prev"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2019.03.025","article-title":"The overlooked association between lower urinary tract dysfunction and psychiatric disorders: a short screening test for clinical practice","volume":"15","author":"\u00d6zen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4103\/tjem.tjem_182_23","article-title":"Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in diagnostic accuracy studies: a guide to interpreting the area under the curve value","volume":"23","author":"\u00c7orbac\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Turk J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1755954\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:26:48Z","timestamp":1768458408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1755954\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2025.1755954"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1755954","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"article-number":"1755954"}}