{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:40:10Z","timestamp":1773337210941,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004682","name":"Oracle","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004682","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is recommended for low-birth-weight (LBW) infants in both facility and community, yet in India, KMC is largely confined to healthcare facilities. Evidence on the feasibility of implementing community-based KMC (c-KMC) in urban slum settings is limited. This quality improvement exploratory study explored the feasibility, safety, and adherence of implementing c-KMC in the urban slums of Kolkata, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A preliminary qualitative assessment explored barriers to c-KMC through in-depth interviews with mothers of LBW infants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093) who received facility-initiated KMC, and two focus group discussions with frontline health workers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096). From September 1, 2023 to July 31, 2024, KMC was implemented on stable LBW newborns (\u22642,200\u2005g;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009218) in community settings. Mothers received counselling, training, and KMC kits. Home visits were conducted on days 7, 14, and 28 after birth or discharge to reinforce KMC and breastfeeding.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers had limited KMC knowledge and received minimal counselling, or follow-up post-discharge. Frontline health workers cited workload, population density, migration, and space constraints as major barriers to c-KMC. Among 218 infants enrolled, only 23.4% received facility-initiated KMC. Average KMC duration was 3.4\u2005h\/day at homes across follow-up visits. By day 28, 95% of mothers continued KMC, no KMC related adverse event was noted and 84% practiced exclusive breastfeeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>c-KMC implementation was feasible and safe in slum settings when supported through structured counselling, home visits, and trained workers. The findings support the operational feasibility of integrating c-KMC within existing home-based newborn care platforms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1754022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:48:20Z","timestamp":1773298100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community-based Kangaroo Mother Care in low-birth-weight infants: a quality improvement study in the urban slums of Kolkata, West Bengal"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sweta","family":"Halder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health & Nutrition, Child in Need Institute (CINI)","place":["Pailan, West Bengal, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tila","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health & Nutrition, Child in Need Institute (CINI)","place":["Pailan, West Bengal, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naresh Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health & Nutrition, Child in Need Institute (CINI)","place":["Pailan, West Bengal, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rumeli","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health & Nutrition, Child in Need Institute (CINI)","place":["Pailan, West Bengal, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sreeparna Ghosh","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health & Nutrition, Child in Need Institute (CINI)","place":["Pailan, West Bengal, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","year":"2025"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Child Mortality Estimates. 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