{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T06:05:11Z","timestamp":1784009111644,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome (SSS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, persistent hypocalcemia, growth retardation, and distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism. Despite its rarity, SSS is more prevalent in the Middle East due to high consanguinity rates. Its multisystem involvement\u2014including endocrine, neurologic, respiratory, renal, dental, and immunologic systems\u2014poses significant challenges in pediatric emergency care and long-term management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review aims to provide a comprehensive, clinically focused overview and expert opinion on the emergency management, diagnostic evaluation, and acute and long-term treatment strategies for SSS, with an emphasis on high-risk manifestations such as hypocalcemic crises, airway instability, immune vulnerability, and difficult vascular access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with SSS often present with hypocalcemia, seizures, tetany, apnea, or laryngospasm, necessitating urgent calcium correction and airway stabilization. Microtubule dysfunction due to tubulin-specific chaperone E gene mutations contributes to endocrine and structural abnormalities, leading to neurodevelopmental impairment, sleep-disordered breathing, nephrocalcinosis, dental anomalies, and heightened susceptibility to infections associated with immune deficiency. Emergency care is complicated by abnormal airway anatomy, challenging intravenous access, susceptibility to sepsis, and metabolic instability. Early identification of biochemical abnormalities remains the cornerstone of diagnosis and timely stabilization. Long-term care requires lifelong calcium and vitamin D supplementation, regular metabolic monitoring, renal assessment, psychosocial support, and caregiver education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SSS demands clinical vigilance due to its multisystem involvement and potential for life-threatening metabolic and respiratory events. Early biochemical correction, cautious airway management, infection prevention, and coordinated multidisciplinary follow-up are critical to improving outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality. Implementing standardized emergency protocols, family-directed action plans, and genetic counseling in high-risk populations can significantly enhance long-term prognosis for affected children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1761285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:38:24Z","timestamp":1784007504000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: integrated emergency care, long-term management, and expert perspectives\u2014a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Meshal","family":"Atiyah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Consultant, Emergency Department, Security Forces Hospital","place":["Makkah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.2.193","article-title":"A new syndrome of congenital hypoparathyroidism, severe growth failure, and dysmorphic features","volume":"66","author":"Sanjad","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.37.2.145","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism, retarded growth and development, and dysmorphism or Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: an Arab disease reminiscent of Kenny\u2013Caffey syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Teebi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S40930","article-title":"Neurological manifestations in children with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Elhassanien","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3390\/children9040448","article-title":"Oral facial manifestations of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: a literature review","volume":"9","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.37.1.63","article-title":"Confirmation of the assignment of the Sanjad\u2013Sakati (congenital hypoparathyroidism) syndrome (OMIM 241410) locus to chromosome lq42-43","volume":"37","author":"Kelly","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320420123","article-title":"Kenny\u2013Caffey syndrome in two sibs born to consanguineous parents: evidence for an autosomal recessive variant","volume":"42","author":"Franceschini","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2010.63","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome in Omani children","volume":"25","author":"Rafique","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oman Med J"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/2395-4264.188166","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: beyond the middle-east","volume":"2","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Cereb Palsy"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"42","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome in sudanese children","volume":"11","author":"Arabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sudan J Paediatr"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.26719\/2012.18.5.527","article-title":"Sanjad Sakati syndrome: a case series from Jordan","volume":"18","author":"Albaramki","year":"2012","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2018.11.012","article-title":"Additional Tunisian patients with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: a review toward a consensus on diagnostic criteria","volume":"26","author":"Touati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch P\u00e9diatr"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744482","article-title":"Homozygous TBCE gene mutation c. 155-166del in a Libyan patient with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: same gene mutation responsible in all Arab ethnic patients","volume":"13","author":"Ghawil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pediatr Genet"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epag.2017.01.005","article-title":"Sanjad Sakati syndrome: case reports from Egypt","volume":"65","author":"Hafez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Egypt Pediatr Assoc Gaz"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19990702)85:1<48::AID-AJMG9>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Sanjad-Sakati and autosomal recessive Kenny-Caffey syndromes are allelic: evidence for an ancestral founder mutation and locus refinement","volume":"85","author":"Diaz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2788","article-title":"Mutation in the TBCE gene is associated with hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome featuring pituitary hormone deficiencies and hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary and the corpus callosum","volume":"94","author":"Padidela","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1086\/301915","article-title":"Homozygosity and linkage-disequilibrium mapping of the syndrome of congenital hypoparathyroidism, growth and mental retardation, and dysmorphism to a 1-cM interval on chromosome 1q42-43","volume":"63","author":"Parvari","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1012","article-title":"Mutation of TBCE causes hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism and autosomal recessive Kenny\u2013Caffey syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Parvari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.08.006","article-title":"TBCE Mutations cause early-onset progressive encephalopathy with distal spinal muscular atrophy","volume":"99","author":"Sferra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2026.109873","article-title":"Clinical-genetic features of the TBCE-related spectrum disorders: a focus on the childhood-onset neurodegenerative phenotype","volume":"148","author":"Sartorelli","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e66429","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.66429","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome revealed by hypocalcemic convulsions","volume":"16","author":"Benchaib","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8770","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8770","article-title":"Endocrinological manifestations of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Bashar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B22","first-page":"41","article-title":"Autoimmune thyroiditis associated with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: a call for regular thyroid screening","volume":"16","author":"Anteet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sudan J Pediatr"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02730821","article-title":"Defective growth hormone secretion and hypogonadism in the new syndrome of congenital hypoparathyroidism, growth failure and dysmorphic features","volume":"63","author":"Soliman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31813cbf2d","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism, retardation, and dysmorphism syndrome: impaired early growth and increased susceptibility to severe infections due to hyposplenism and impaired polymorphonuclear cell functions","volume":"62","author":"Hershkovitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263x.2004.00527.x","article-title":"The dentofacial features of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: a case report","volume":"14","author":"Al-Malik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e907","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa807","article-title":"Multiple endocrine deficiencies are common in hypoparathyroidism\u2013retardation\u2013dysmorphism syndrome","volume":"106","author":"David","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698753","article-title":"Neurological manifestations of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: new three reported cases from Tunisia","volume":"18","author":"Bouattour","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.10.015","article-title":"Ophthalmic features of hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism","volume":"11","author":"Khan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"B29","first-page":"453","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: a rare autosomal recessive disorder of congenital hypoparathyroidism-microcephaly-mental retardation-seizures-growth retardation and dysmorphism","volume":"77","author":"Bassuni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med J Cario Univ"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1159\/000488352","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: oral health care","volume":"27","author":"Hassona","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184084","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/184084","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome dental management: a case report","volume":"2013","author":"El Batawi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262733","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: dental findings and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Wasersprung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/13816810600862568","article-title":"Ophthalmic manifestations of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Al Dhoyan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e401","DOI":"10.18295\/2075-0528.1607","article-title":"New ocular associations in Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: case report from Oman","volume":"14","author":"Haider","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101503","article-title":"Corneal opacification in Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Elhusseiny","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"B36","year":""},{"key":"B37","first-page":"131","article-title":"Otolaryngologic manifestations of Sanjad Sakati syndrome-a case report","volume":"6","author":"Cader","year":"2016","journal-title":"Online J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.110.EP729","article-title":"Clinical heterogeneity of Sanjad Sakati syndrome: experience from a single tertiary center in Kuwait","volume-title":"Endocrine Abstracts","author":"Laimon","year":"2025"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2009.76","article-title":"The otolaryngologic features of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"135","author":"Tanna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-021-02463-4","article-title":"Sanjad Sakati syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing: an undisclosed association","volume":"26","author":"Al-Yaarubi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.26715\/jbms.2019.1_10022019","article-title":"Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: an anesthetic challenge","volume":"31","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Bahrain Med"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A215","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsae067.0500","article-title":"0500 sleep disordered breathing in children with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Saleh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23032","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.23032","article-title":"A staghorn calcium phosphate stone in a child with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome: an iatrogenic manifestation?","volume":"14","author":"Alomar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2018.07.005","article-title":"Clinical features and tubulin folding cofactor E gene analysis in Iranian patients with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"96","author":"Aminzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr (Rio J)"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"luae059","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luae059","article-title":"Recombinant PTH infusion in a child with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome refractory to conventional therapy","volume":"2","author":"Bali","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCEM Case Rep"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31122","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome in a girl: a new variant not caused by a TBCE mutation\u2013clinical report and review","author":"Courtens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet Part A"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916679","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.916679","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome\u2014clinical insights from a large longitudinal cohort in a single medical center","volume":"10","author":"David","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.01981.x","article-title":"Anesthesia management for the child with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Platis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31487\/j.SCR.2021.07.08","article-title":"Case report and review of the literature airway challenges in Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome (SSS): a case report and review of literature","volume":"4","author":"Khalil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-354X.177321","article-title":"Anesthetic management of a case of Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Alshoaiby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.1996.tb00436.x","article-title":"Anaesthetic management of the Kenny\u2013Caffey syndrome using the laryngeal mask","volume":"6","author":"Janke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth Clin"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12329","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to intraosseous access in adult resuscitations when peripheral intravenous access is not achievable","volume":"21","author":"James Cheung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020038505D","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-038505D","article-title":"Part 4: pediatric basic and advanced life support 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care","volume":"147","author":"Topjian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2013.03.013","article-title":"Anesthesia through an intraosseous line using an 18-gauge intravenous needle for emergency pediatric surgery","volume":"25","author":"Hamed","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4274\/jbuch.galenos.2024.93798","article-title":"Use of intraosseous access in the pediatric emergency department: a single center experience","volume":"14","author":"Yal\u00e7\u0131n","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dr Behcet Uz Children s Hosp"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMvcm1005951","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided peripheral IV placement","volume":"366","author":"Joing","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2015.07.009","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency: diagnosis, management, and treatment","volume":"35","author":"Abbott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-022-01380-9","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome due to a variant in the tubulin-specific chaperone E gene as a cause of combined immune deficiency","volume":"43","author":"David","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.12.004","article-title":"Visceral myopathy causing chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction and intestinal failure in a child with Sanjad\u2013Sakati syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Pal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.4158\/EP14462.DSC","article-title":"American Association of clinical endocrinologists and American college of endocrinology disease state clinical review: postoperative hypoparathyroidism-definitions and management","volume":"21","author":"Stack","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3907","article-title":"Management of hypoparathyroidism: summary statement and guidelines","volume":"101","author":"Brandi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2346096.048","article-title":"Hypoparathyroidism in children and adolescents","volume":"28","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809402800213","article-title":"Magnesium homeostasis and clinical disorders of magnesium deficiency","volume":"28","author":"Whang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1071616","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia","volume":"10","author":"Agus","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B65","volume-title":"Hyperphosphatemia","author":"Goyal","year":"2019"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.18171120","article-title":"Dietary therapy for managing hyperphosphatemia","volume":"16","author":"Narasaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2018.1476487","article-title":"Current and potential treatment options for hyperphosphatemia","volume":"17","author":"Carfagna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06800615","article-title":"Sevelamer versus calcium-based binders for treatment of hyperphosphatemia in CKD: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B69","first-page":"158","article-title":"Hypocalcemia: updates in diagnosis and management for primary care","volume":"58","author":"Fong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1243","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00211.2016","article-title":"Genetic, pathophysiological, and clinical aspects of nephrocalcinosis","volume":"311","author":"Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1761285\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:38:26Z","timestamp":1784007506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1761285\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2026.1761285"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1761285","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"article-number":"1761285"}}