{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T11:37:27Z","timestamp":1773920247311,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the clinical features, diagnostic pitfalls, and treatment of severe pediatric pulmonary infection caused by Prevotella species.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed clinical data, the diagnostic workflow, antimicrobial regimens, and outcomes of two children with severe Prevotella pulmonary infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case 1 was an 11-year-old boy with necrotizing pneumonia, and Case 2 was a 13-year-old boy with retained foreign-body aspiration. Both patients responded poorly to initial cephalosporin-based therapy. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid identified Prevotella nanceiensis (sequence count 299,022; relative abundance 92.24%) and Prevotella oralis (210,449; 67.98%) within 24\u2005h, whereas anaerobic culture (Case 1) became positive after 4 days. Based on mNGS results antibiotics were adjusted to metronidazole plus a carbapenem ( meropenem for Case 1; imipenem-cilastatin for Case 2), and both children received adjunctive pulmonary rehabilitation before discharge. They subsequently recovered and were discharged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe Prevotella pulmonary infection in children has non-specific manifestations and may respond poorly to conventional beta-lactam therapy, leading to delayed diagnosis. mNGS enables rapid pathogen identification and supports targeted anti-anaerobic treatment. For severe or complicated cases refractory to empirical therapy, metronidazole combined with a carbapenem may be an effective option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1782202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T06:49:58Z","timestamp":1773902998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: A rare culprit of severe pulmonary infection in children: prevotella"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yijun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First-affiliated hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First-affiliated hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital and The First-affiliated hospital of Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Hunan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Changsha, 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