{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:11:29Z","timestamp":1789049489223,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prematurity is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory imbalance is critical in preterm complications, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a pivotal role in this dysregulation. Currently, there is no comprehensive review focusing specifically on IL-6 in the context of neonatal complications of prematurity. Thus, we review the involvement of IL-6 in various prematurity complications, exploring its mechanisms and clinical implications. We also discuss current and emerging therapies targeting IL-6, its receptor, and the trans-signaling pathway, focusing on the potential of these cytokines as therapeutic targets for the development of safe and effective treatments for neonatal complications of prematurity. However, while IL-6 shows consistent value as an early predictive biomarker, its translation into targeted therapy for preterm infants remains preliminary, with substantial gaps in safety and pharmacokinetic data that require further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1818320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:16:37Z","timestamp":1786356997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interleukin-6 in complications of prematurity: from biomarker to targeted therapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shuzhe","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, 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