{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T05:49:38Z","timestamp":1782107378153,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate longitudinal patterns of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and their association with postoperative delirium (POD).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A prospective longitudinal study was conducted involving 65 pediatric patients undergoing corrective cardiac surgery with CPB. CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n level were monitored at 6\u2005h (T1), 12\u2005h (T2), 24\u2005h (T3), and 48\u2005h (T4) postoperatively. POD was assessed using the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD). Multivariate logistic regression and linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) were applied to analyze CrSO2 trajectories and their association with POD.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The incidence of POD was 47.7% (31\/65). Univariate analysis showed significantly lower CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels at T1-T4 and minimum CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n values in the POD group compared to the NPOD group (all\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that lower CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels in the early postoperative period independently predicted POD (OR\u2009=\u20090.941, 95% CI: 0.894\u20130.991,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.021). The model exhibited good fit (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.037) and passed the Hosmer\u2013Lemeshow test (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.132). LMM analysis revealed significantly lower CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels in the POD group at 6\u2005h, 12\u2005h, and 48\u2005h postoperatively (Bonferroni-corrected\n P<\/jats:italic>\n -values: 0.009, 0.030, and 0.018, respectively), although the overall CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n trend over time was similar between groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Early postoperative CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n dynamics in pediatric CHD patients undergoing CPB are independently associated with POD. Children in the POD group exhibited consistently lower CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels, especially at 6, 12, and 48\u2005h postoperatively. Continuous monitoring of CrSO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n could facilitate early detection and timely intervention for POD.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1837715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T05:40:27Z","timestamp":1782106827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal patterns of postoperative brain oxygen saturation in children with congenital heart disease and postoperative delirium risk: a repeated measures analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yingzi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinlan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-025-00934-2","article-title":"Management of congenital heart disease: successes and challenges over the last 20 years","volume":"21","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"World J 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