{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:16:02Z","timestamp":1792624562335,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Immediate and continuous skin-to-skin contact between a mother and her newborn is associated with numerous health benefits. Benefits for infants includes improved thermoregulation, stabilization of heart rate and respiration. Benefits for mothers include reduced maternal postpartum bleeding and improved maternal blood pressure regulation. Benefits for both include reduced stress, earlier initiation of breastfeeding, and enhanced mother\u2013infant bonding. There is a need to scale-up the clinical implementation of skin-to-skin contact for all newborns across care settings. In particular, current practices should be reconsidered for infants born preterm, with low birth-weight, requiring specialized medical interventions, and after instrumental births\/caesarean sections. This also requires reorganization of maternal and newborn care. As emphasized by the World Health Organization in its implementation strategy for scaling up kangaroo mother care (2023), the mother-newborn dyad should be regarded as an\n                    <jats:italic>inseparable center<\/jats:italic>\n                    around which health care is organized, enabling zero separation. This article presents a translation of a Swedish national guideline recommending immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact for at least the first 2 hours after birth for all newborns, followed by a mother\u2013newborn couplet care model including continued skin-to-skin contact. In mother-newborn couplet care the mother and her newborn, regardless of medical needs or clinical complexity, are cared for together in the same physical environment to minimize separation. Implementation requires multidisciplinary collaboration across operations, clearly defined responsibilities, and access to appropriately adapted facilities, equipment, and care processes across all settings in which mother-newborn dyads receive care. The guideline is intended for healthcare professionals and managers across the continuum of maternal, obstetric, neonatal, anesthetic, surgical, and intensive care in Sweden. It applies to all mothers and newborns during the first hours after birth and throughout the subsequent hospital care when both are managed in a hospital setting. The guideline includes a scientific rationale, definitions, recommendations, implementation guidance, impact assessment and quality indicators for monitoring and evaluation. The original Swedish version of this guideline was published in 2024. It has been reported to be helpful in the implementation in Swedish hospitals. We recommend others to make similar national, regional and\/or local guidelines to support implementation of these innovative, non-pharmacological interventions to improve maternal and infant health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1937937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:31:22Z","timestamp":1789018282000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Swedish national guideline on immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact and mother-newborn couplet care"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Klemming","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIDCAP Trainer with the NIDCAP Federation International","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesta","family":"Seyed Alikhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Breding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"B\u00e4cke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Uppsala University Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Elvermark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Obstetric and Gynecologic Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Danderyd Hospital","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5.","family":"Hermansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital","place":["Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s Health, Karolinska University Hospital","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kjellqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kalmar Hospital","place":["Kalmar, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mattisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, V\u00e4xj\u00f6 Hospital","place":["V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nelander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Uppsala University Hospital","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M-C.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, Ystad Hospital","place":["Ystad, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nyholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ambulance Services, Region V\u00e4sterbotten","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lilliesk\u00f6ld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Astrid Lindgren\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Thernstr\u00f6m Blomqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Uppsala University Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Arwehed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Uppsala University Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","year":"2021"},{"key":"B2","year":"2022"},{"key":"B3","year":"2023"},{"key":"B4","year":"2023"},{"key":"B5","year":"2022"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"WHO recommendations on Maternal and Newborn Care for a Positive Postnatal Experience","year":"2022"},{"key":"B7","year":"2022"},{"key":"B8","year":"1989"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818856","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2022.818856","article-title":"Effective communication about pregnancy, birth, lactation, breastfeeding and newborn care: the importance of sexed language","volume":"3","author":"\u00a0Gribble","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Glob Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"B10","year":"2022"},{"key":"B11","year":"2009"},{"key":"B12","year":""},{"key":"B13","year":""},{"key":"B14","year":"2021"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1530","article-title":"Birth practices: maternal-neonate separation as a source of toxic stress","volume":"111","author":"Bergman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385320","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1385320","article-title":"New policies on skin-to-skin contact warrant an oxytocin-based perspective on perinatal health care","volume":"15","author":"Bergman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01812-3","article-title":"Mother-newborn couplet care: nordic country experiences of organization, models and practice","volume":"43","author":"Klemming","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1891\/1058-1243.28.2.108","article-title":"Healthy birth practice #6: keep mother and newborn together-it\u2019s best for mother, newborn, and breastfeeding","volume":"28","author":"Crenshaw","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Perinat Educ"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-022-04145-9","article-title":"Mother-Newborn care unit (MNCU) experience in India: a paradigm shift in care of small and sick newborns","volume":"89","author":"Chellani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15997","article-title":"Mother-Newborn couplet care from theory to practice to ensure zero separation for all newborns","volume":"110","author":"Klemming","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2020.11.001","article-title":"Parents\u2019 experiences with a model of integrated maternity and neonatal care designed to empower parents","volume":"50","author":"Stelwagen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E224514","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.4514","article-title":"Association of a zero-separation neonatal care model with stress in mothers of preterm infants","volume":"5","author":"Van Veenendaal","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2013.06.002","article-title":"Influence of NICU couplet care facilities and skin-to-skin contact on maternal stress in mothers of preterm infants","volume":"4","author":"Flacking","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare: Official Journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2144720","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.44720","article-title":"Association of a family integrated care model with paternal mental health outcomes during neonatal hospitalization","volume":"5","author":"Van Veenendaal","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-486X.12245","article-title":"Implementing the mother-baby model of nursing care using models and quality improvement tools","volume":"19","author":"Brockman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E278","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1511","article-title":"The Stockholm neonatal family centered care study: effects on length of stay and infant morbidity","volume":"125","author":"\u00d6rtenstrand","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01783-5","article-title":"NICU Couplet care: metrics to guide an evolving model of care","volume":"43","author":"Jaeger","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1524","article-title":"Journey to mother baby care: implementation of a combined care\/couplet model in a level 2 neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"111","author":"De Salaberry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11050737","article-title":"Barriers to couplet care of the infant requiring additional care: integrative review","volume":"11","author":"Curley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2008.07.019","article-title":"Implementation of a couplet care program for families after a cesarean birth","volume":"89","author":"Spradlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"AORN J"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwh.2023.09.008","article-title":"Unit-based nurses\u2019 development of a couplet care acuity scoring tool","volume":"28","author":"Roth","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurs Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD003519","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003519.pub4","article-title":"Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants","volume":"11","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16842","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact after birth: developing a research and practice guideline","volume":"112","author":"Brimdyr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e010992","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2022-010992","article-title":"WHO Recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience: strengthening the maternal and newborn care continuum","volume":"8","author":"Wojcieszek","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"B35","year":"2023"},{"key":"B36","year":"2024"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12128","article-title":"Immediate or early skin-to-skin contact after a caesarean section: a review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Stevens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Maternal & Newborn Nutrition"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14754","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact the first hour after birth, underlying implications and clinical practice","volume":"108","author":"Widstr\u00f6m","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.01794.x","article-title":"State of the art and recommendations. Kangaroo mother care: application in a high-tech environment","volume":"99","author":"Nyqvist","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17021","article-title":"90 Versus 60 min of early skin-to-skin contact on exclusive breastfeeding rate in healthy infants\u2019 \u226535 weeks: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"113","author":"Raj Kumawat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.01983.x","article-title":"Newborn behaviour to locate the breast when skin-to-skin: a possible method for enabling early self-regulation","volume":"100","author":"Widstr\u00f6m","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16590","article-title":"Immediate skin-to-skin contact after birth ensures stable thermoregulation in very preterm infants in high-resource settings","volume":"112","author":"Lode-Kolz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-06057-8","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact for the prevention of neonatal hypoglycaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Lord","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Newbornbirth"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16371","article-title":"Immediate skin-to-skin contact may have beneficial effects on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation in very preterm infants","volume":"111","author":"Linn\u00e9r","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15913","article-title":"Systematic review confirmed the benefits of early skin-to-skin contact but highlighted lack of studies on very and extremely preterm infants","volume":"110","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295403","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2295403","article-title":"Daily skin-to-skin contact alters microbiota development in healthy full-term infants","volume":"16","author":"Eckermann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.08.012","article-title":"Maternal-preterm skin-to-skin contact enhances newborn physiologic organization and cognitive control across the first 10 years of life","volume":"75","author":"Feldman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/nhs.12945","article-title":"Effects of skin-to-skin contact on afterpain and postpartum hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Kartal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurs Health Sci"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-022-03582-4","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact in the third stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage prevention: a scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Ruiz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Matern Newborn Health J"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2014.06.004","article-title":"Effects of skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding at birth on the incidence of PPH: a physiologically based theory","volume":"27","author":"Saxton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31579\/2642-9756\/092","article-title":"Assess the effectiveness of using kangaroo mother care on reducing postpartum bleeding among laboring women: a randomized control trial","volume":"4","author":"Al-Alaa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Women Health Care Issues"},{"key":"B52","first-page":"174","article-title":"Effect of skin to skin care to neonates on pulse rate, respiratory rate SPO2 and blood pressure in mothers","volume":"58","author":"Nimbalkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2009.00307.x","article-title":"Early contact versus separation: effects on mother-infant interaction one year later","volume":"36","author":"Bystrova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16909","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact brings mother-newborn-interaction of preterm infants close to normal","volume":"112","author":"Heine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.22.288977","article-title":"Effects of kangaroo mother care on maternal and paternal health: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Pathak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01529","article-title":"Self-soothing behaviors with particular reference to oxytocin release induced by non-noxious sensory stimulation","volume":"5","author":"Uvn\u00e4s-Moberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2018.04.005","article-title":"Becoming a mother - Mothers\u2019 experience of kangaroo mother care","volume":"16","author":"Nor\u00e9n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Reprod Healthc"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094695","article-title":"Parent-infant skin-to-skin contact and stress regulation: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Ionio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd008435","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008435.pub3","article-title":"Skin-to-skin care for procedural pain in neonates","volume":"2","author":"Johnston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2023.03.001","article-title":"Release of oxytocin and cortisol is associated with neurobehavioral patterns in premature infants","volume":"52","author":"Witness","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104883","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact in preterm infants affects long-term expression of stress response genes","volume":"122","author":"Hucklenbruch-Rother","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15120","article-title":"Effect of early skin-to-skin contact after vaginal delivery on pain during perineal wound suturing: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"48","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2021.10.002","article-title":"Parents\u2019 experiences of immediate skin-to-skin contact after the birth of their very preterm neonates","volume":"51","author":"Lilliesk\u00f6ld","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2016.07.007","article-title":"Skin-to-skin contact by fathers and the impact on infant and paternal outcomes: an integrative review","volume":"40","author":"Shorey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"B65","year":"2022"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02469-8","article-title":"Short, medium, and long deferral of umbilical cord clamping compared with umbilical cord milking and immediate clamping at preterm birth: a systematic review and network meta-analysis with individual participant data","volume":"402","author":"Seidler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.109432","article-title":"A plausible pathway of imprinted behaviors: skin-to-skin actions of the newborn immediately after birth follow the order of fetal development and intrauterine training of movements","volume":"134","author":"Widstr\u00f6m","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypotheses"},{"key":"B68","year":"2018"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb03018.x","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of skin-to-skin contact from birth versus conventional incubator for physiological stabilization in 1200- to 2199-gram newborns","volume":"93","author":"Bergman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13164","article-title":"Newly born low birthweight infants stabilise better in skin-to-skin contact than when separated from their mothers: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"105","author":"Luong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-020-0688-z","article-title":"Timing of milk expression following delivery in mothers delivering preterm very low birth weight infants: a randomized trial","volume":"40","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-054272","article-title":"Promoting human milk and breastfeeding for the very low birth weight infant","volume":"148","author":"Parker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-8-1","article-title":"Effects of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact on severe latch-on problems in older infants: a randomized trial","volume":"8","author":"Svensson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"key":"B74","first-page":"17","article-title":"Connecting the dots between fetal, premature and full-term behaviour while in skin-to-skin contact: the nine stages of instinctive behaviour","volume":"29","author":"Brimdyr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breastfeed Rev"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00810.x","article-title":"Early attainment of breastfeeding competence in very preterm infants","volume":"97","author":"Nyqvist","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102006","article-title":"Effect on neonatal sepsis following immediate kangaroo mother care in a newborn intensive care unit: a post-hoc analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Arya","year":"2023","journal-title":"eClinicalMed"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2026486","article-title":"\u201cKangaroo mother care\u201d and survival of infants with low birth weight","volume":"384","author":"Arya","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15489","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the duration of kangaroo mother care has a direct impact on neonatal growth","volume":"110","author":"Charpak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12060847","article-title":"Developmental cascades link maternal-newborn skin-to-skin contact with young Adults\u2019 psychological symptoms, oxytocin, and immunity; charting mechanisms of developmental continuity from birth to adulthood","volume":"12","author":"Ulmer-Yaniv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biology (Basel)"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16939","article-title":"The beneficial effect of early and prolonged kangaroo mother care on long-term neuro-developmental outcomes in low birth neonates\u2014a cohort study","volume":"112","author":"Bisanalli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2344469","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.44469","article-title":"Skin-to-Skin contact at birth for very preterm infants and mother-infant interaction quality at 4 months: a secondary analysis of the IPISTOSS randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Lilliesk\u00f6ld","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2063","article-title":"Twenty-year follow-up of kangaroo mother care versus traditional care","volume":"139","author":"Charpak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16265","article-title":"Kangaroo mother care had a protective effect on the volume of brain structures in young adults born preterm","volume":"111","author":"Charpak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B84","year":"2023"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.02.034","article-title":"Early skin-to-skin care in extremely preterm infants: thermal balance and care environment","volume":"161","author":"Karlsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2018.09.008","article-title":"Regular and prolonged skin-to-skin contact improves short-term outcomes for very preterm infants: a dose-dependent intervention","volume":"25","author":"Casper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15716","article-title":"Delivery room cuddles for extremely preterm babies and parents: concept, practice, safety, parental feedback","volume":"110","author":"Clarke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B88","year":"2014"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16241","article-title":"Cuddling very and extremely preterm babies in the delivery room is a positive and normal experience for mothers after the birth","volume":"111","author":"Kimkool","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14975","article-title":"Skin-to-skin delivery for preterm infants-A randomized clinical trial","volume":"109","author":"Mehler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B91","year":"2021"},{"key":"B92","year":"2022"},{"key":"B93","year":"2014"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-015-0035-8","article-title":"The economic benefits of increasing kangaroo skin-to-skin care and breastfeeding in neonatal units: analysis of a pragmatic intervention in clinical practice","volume":"10","author":"Lowson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01044-2","article-title":"Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices?","volume":"387","author":"Rollins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2002.0150","article-title":"Neonatal individualized care in practice: a Swedish experience","volume":"7","author":"Westrup","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2026281","DOI":"10.1080\/17482631.2022.2026281","article-title":"Parents and newborn \u201ctogetherness\u201d after birth","volume":"17","author":"Patriksson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2267255","DOI":"10.1080\/23288604.2023.2267255","article-title":"Separation of maternal and newborn care in US hospitals: a systemic threat to survival. Health and well-being","volume":"9","author":"Anjur","year":"2023","journal-title":". Health Syst Reform"},{"key":"B99","year":"2022"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/ped4.12339","article-title":"An international study on implementation and facilitators and barriers for parent-infant closeness in neonatal units","volume":"6","author":"Van Veenendaal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Investig"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16433","article-title":"Initiation and duration of skin-to-skin contact for extremely and very preterm infants: a register study","volume":"111","author":"Linn\u00e9r","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"B102","year":"2019"},{"key":"B103","year":""},{"key":"B104","year":"2023"},{"key":"B105","year":"2024"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01746-w","article-title":"How NICU design and infant and family-centered developmental care act synergistically to support babies and families","volume":"43","author":"Browne","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01794-2","article-title":"Reimagining the NICU: a human-centered design approach to healthcare innovation","volume":"43","author":"Mohammed","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"B108","year":""}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1937937\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T14:13:43Z","timestamp":1789740823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1937937\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"references-count":108,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2026.1937937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1937937","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"article-number":"1937937"}}