{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:49:31Z","timestamp":1791355771893,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Families of autistic children in Palestine face substantial barriers to sustained, family-centred rehabilitation, including travel demands, fragmented services, financial pressures, digital inequalities, and recurrent movement restrictions. Occupational Performance Coaching (OPC) is a collaborative, occupation-focused approach that supports caregivers to analyse everyday participation challenges, identify priorities, generate contextually relevant strategies, and evaluate change. This study explored how Palestinian mothers experienced an eight-session OPC telecoaching intervention and how they perceived its acceptability, benefits, challenges, and contextual fit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative descriptive study was embedded within an explanatory sequential mixed-methods external pilot trial. All 12 mothers who completed OPC participated in a post-intervention semi-structured interview in Arabic via Zoom. The interview guide was informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) and included broader questions about intervention processes, perceived change, and contextual experience. Analysis of the complete Arabic interview dataset used reflexive thematic analysis. TFA provided deductive sensitizing concepts, while coding and theme development remained open to meanings arising from participants' accounts. Reflexive notes, cross-case comparison, attention to divergent accounts, peer debriefing, and an audit trail supported analytic reflexivity and transparency. COREQ guided reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five interrelated themes were developed: (1) from receiving advice to becoming a reflective problem-solver; (2) coaching in the context of everyday life; (3) taking responsibility: empowering, but demanding; (4) context-responsive access with conditional digital and cultural fit; and (5) meaningful progress as partial, variable, and still unfolding. Mothers valued collaborative reasoning, individualized goals, and the ability to work within real family routines. Remote delivery reduced some travel, scheduling, cost, and safety burdens, but connectivity, time, caregiving demands, and wider structural conditions remained important constraints. Increased parental responsibility could be experienced as both meaningful and demanding, and perceived changes were not uniform across goals or families.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers valued OPC telecoaching not only as a means of remote access, but as a way of working collaboratively on occupational challenges within everyday family life. Telehealth reduced selected access burdens in the Palestinian context but did not remove digital, caregiving, or structural constraints. The findings support further evaluation of culturally and contextually responsive, participation-focused telecoaching within pediatric occupational therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1974022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:50:26Z","timestamp":1791352226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experiences of telehealth-delivered occupational performance coaching among Palestinian mothers of autistic children: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Salahat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University","place":["Jenin, West Bank, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan Izzeddin","family":"Sarsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Therapy Program, Batterjee Medical College","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatem Ahmad","family":"Al Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bethlehem Directorate of Education, Ministry of Education, Al-Zeer Secondary School","place":["Bethlehem, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1630.2008.00736.x","article-title":"Coaching parents to enable children\u2019s participation: an approach for working with parents and their children","volume":"56","author":"Graham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aust Occup Ther J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429055805","volume-title":"Occupational Performance Coaching: A Manual for Practitioners and Researchers","author":"Graham","year":"2020"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12991","article-title":"A scoping review of coaching in occupational therapy: mapping methods, populations and outcomes","volume":"71","author":"Graham","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aust Occup Ther J"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/IYC.0000000000000018","article-title":"Coaching with parents in early intervention: an interdisciplinary research synthesis","volume":"27","author":"Kemp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infants Young Child"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14493","article-title":"Coaching approaches in early intervention and paediatric rehabilitation","volume":"62","author":"Akhbari Ziegler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-019-00186-7","article-title":"Caregiver-implemented intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of coaching components","volume":"7","author":"Tomeny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2018.024786","article-title":"Occupation-based coaching by means of telehealth for families of young children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"72","author":"Little","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5195\/ijt.2019.6274","article-title":"Parent perspectives of an occupational therapy telehealth intervention","volume":"11","author":"Wallisch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Telerehabil"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226211061492","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of occupation performance coaching for families of children with autism spectrum disorder by means of telerehabilitation","volume":"85","author":"Jamali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Occup Ther"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226251340508","article-title":"Acceptability and feasibility of online occupational performance coaching for parents of children with disabilities in the UK","volume":"88","author":"Frater","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Occup Ther"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2023.102209","article-title":"Meta-analysis of effectiveness of parent-mediated telehealth interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"107","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res Autism Spectr Disord"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-023-00393-3","article-title":"The effectiveness of telemedicine in coaching parents of autistic children using naturalistic developmental early interventions: a rapid review","volume":"12","author":"Alatar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2013.07.007","article-title":"\u201cAt a moment, you could collapse\u201d: raising children with autism in the West Bank","volume":"35","author":"Dababnah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2538-y","article-title":"\u201cOn the sidelines\u201d: access to autism-related services in the West Bank","volume":"45","author":"Dababnah","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2023.03.018","article-title":"Effect of incredible years autism spectrum and language delays program on stress and behavioral management skills among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Palestine","volume":"72","author":"Wahdan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"B16","year":""},{"key":"B17","volume-title":"Movement and Access in the West Bank|September 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.3109\/09593981003660222","article-title":"Pragmatism in practice: mixed methods research for physiotherapy","volume":"26","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-240X(200008)23:4<334::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Whatever happened to qualitative description?","volume":"23","author":"Sandelowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/1937586715614171","article-title":"Qualitative descriptive methods in health science research","volume":"9","author":"Colorafi","year":"2016","journal-title":"HERD"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2031-8","article-title":"Acceptability of healthcare interventions: an overview of reviews and development of a theoretical framework","volume":"17","author":"Sekhon","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674028845","volume-title":"The Ecology of Human Development","author":"Bronfenbrenner","year":"1979"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/capr.12360","article-title":"Can I use TA? Should I use TA? Should I not use TA? Comparing reflexive thematic analysis and other pattern-based qualitative analytic approaches","volume":"21","author":"Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Couns Psychother Res"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2129597","article-title":"Toward good practice in thematic analysis: avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher","volume":"24","author":"Braun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Transgend Health"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/1539449217724755","article-title":"Establishing fidelity of occupational performance coaching","volume":"38","author":"Dunn","year":"2018","journal-title":"OTJR (Thorofare N J)"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3522","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.03522","article-title":"Taguette: open-source qualitative data analysis","volume":"6","author":"Rampin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Open Source Softw"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4276\/030802214X13968769798791","article-title":"Mothers\u2019 experiences of engaging in occupational performance coaching","volume":"77","author":"Graham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Occup Ther"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3109\/01942638.2015.1101043","article-title":"Strategies identified as effective by mothers during occupational performance coaching","volume":"36","author":"Graham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12974","article-title":"Collaborative practice with parents in occupational therapy for children: a scoping review","volume":"71","author":"Lage","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aust Occup Ther J"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184326","DOI":"10.1155\/oti\/1184326","article-title":"Family-centered occupational therapy consultation for children under 18 years old: a scoping review","volume":"2026","author":"Shahbazi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Occup Ther Int"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2015.11.011","article-title":"Remote versus face-to-face delivery of early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorders: perceptions of rural families and service providers","volume":"23","author":"Ashburner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Autism Spectr Disord"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-025-00501-5","article-title":"Telehealth parent training for challenging behavior in children with developmental disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Adedipe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e66442","DOI":"10.2196\/66442","article-title":"Early intervention for children with developmental disabilities and their families via telehealth. Systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Shin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/15394492231164942","article-title":"Parent satisfaction with a telehealth parent coaching intervention to support family participation","volume":"43","author":"Smith","year":"2023","journal-title":"OTJR (Thorofare N J)"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361315614496","article-title":"A mixed-method evaluation of the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth-based parent-mediated intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"20","author":"Pickard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0285226","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285226","article-title":"Digital health in fragile states in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: a scoping review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"El-Jardali","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.3390\/children10030492","article-title":"Tele-coaching Korean parents for improving occupational performance of toddlers: three case reports","volume":"10","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Children"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1974022\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:50:28Z","timestamp":1791352228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1974022\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2026.1974022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2026.1974022","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"article-number":"1974022"}}