{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T07:18:12Z","timestamp":1778915892216,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536537600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T08:59:01Z","timestamp":1536569941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Delay-Dependent Impairments in Memory and Motor Functions After Acute Methadone Overdose in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Ahmad-Molaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Hassanian-Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Farnaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Tomaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Haghparast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/903172","article-title":"Effectiveness of naltrexone in the prevention of delayed respiratory arrest in opioid-naive methadone-intoxicated patients.","volume":"2013","author":"Aghabiklooei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.10.013","article-title":"Different patterns of administration modulate propensity of methadone and buprenorphine to promote locomotor sensitization in mice.","volume":"40","author":"Allouche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.2012.01469.x","article-title":"Long-term methadone treatment reduces phosphorylation of CaMKII in rat brain.","volume":"64","author":"Andersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.02.017","article-title":"Long-term methadone treatment impairs novelty preference in rats both when present and absent in brain tissue.","volume":"98","author":"Andersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-011-0430-z","article-title":"The novel object recognition memory: neurobiology, test procedure, and its modifications.","volume":"13","author":"Antunes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cogn. Process."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)60749-0","article-title":"A comparison of long-and short-acting opioids for the treatment of chronic noncancer pain: tailoring therapy to meet patient needs.","volume":"84","author":"Argoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"362","article-title":"Characteristic features of patients hospitalized with Narcotic poisoning in Yazd, Iran.","volume":"4","author":"Ayatollahi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Toxicol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22067","article-title":"Recognition memory and synaptic plasticity in the perirhinal and prefrontal cortices.","volume":"22","author":"Banks","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5935\/1806-0013.20150012","article-title":"Revisiting methadone: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical indication.","volume":"16","author":"Barbosa Neto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Dor"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.1650110","article-title":"Object recognition memory and the rodent hippocampus.","volume":"17","author":"Broadbent","year":"2010","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2010.00530.x","article-title":"Methadone-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy: diagnosis and follow-up by magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient maps.","volume":"21","author":"Cerase","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.09.017","article-title":"Characteristics and comparative severity of respiratory response to toxic doses of fentanyl, methadone, morphine, and buprenorphine in rats.","volume":"191","author":"Chevillard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.10.009","article-title":"A community-based evaluation of sudden death associated with therapeutic levels of methadone.","volume":"121","author":"Chugh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2016.07.003","article-title":"Drug toxicities of common analgesic Medications in the emergency department.","volume":"36","author":"Ciejka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Lab. Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2014.08.002","article-title":"Assessing rodent hippocampal involvement in the novel object recognition task. A review.","volume":"285","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e31823a8b1e","article-title":"Bilateral acute necrosis of the globi pallidi and rhabdomyolysis due to combined methadone and benzodiazepine toxicity.","volume":"34","author":"Corliss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.08l00691","article-title":"Methadone overdose, auto-activation deficit, and catatonia: a case study.","volume":"11","author":"Cottencin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prim. Care Companion J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael051","article-title":"Buprenorphine induces ceiling in respiratory depression but not in analgesia.","volume":"96","author":"Dahan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/2609","article-title":"Measuring motor coordination in mice.","volume":"75","author":"Deacon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199212000-00017","article-title":"Methadone toxicity causing death in ten subjects starting on a methadone maintenance program.","volume":"13","author":"Drummer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.3030460322","article-title":"A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in rats and mice.","volume":"46","author":"Dunham","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)11364-3","article-title":"Ketobemidone, methadone and pethidine are non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists in the rat cortex and spinal cord.","volume":"187","author":"Ebert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20812","article-title":"Modulation of apoptosis in the mouse brain after morphine treatments and morphine withdrawal.","volume":"83","author":"Emeterio","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.03.013","article-title":"Morphine-induced impairment of spatial memory acquisition reversed by morphine sensitization in rats.","volume":"211","author":"Farahmandfar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.12.043","article-title":"Role of naloxone as an exogenous opioid receptor antagonist in spatial learning and memory of female rats during the estrous cycle.","volume":"1257","author":"Farhadinasab","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B26","author":"Ford","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical Toxicology."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2007.02.002","article-title":"Pathophysiology of respiratory failure following acute dichlorvos poisoning in a rodent model.","volume":"28","author":"Gaspari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990802010892","article-title":"Methadone-and heroin-related deaths in Florida.","volume":"34","author":"Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Drug Alcohol. Abuse"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2017.0365","article-title":"Eleven years of children methadone poisoning in a referral center: a review of 453 cases.","volume":"13","author":"Hassanian-Moghaddam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Opioid Manag."},{"key":"B30","first-page":"534","article-title":"Acute adult and adolescent poisoning in Tehran, Iran; the epidemiologic trend between 2006 and 2011.","volume":"17","author":"Hassanian-Moghaddam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Iran. Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2005.07.016","article-title":"Naloxone\u2019s suppression of spontaneous and food-conditioned locomotor activity is diminished in mice lacking either the dopamine D 2 receptor or enkephalin.","volume":"140","author":"Hayward","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(02)00695-9","article-title":"Methadone disrupts performance on the working memory version of the Morris water task.","volume":"76","author":"Hepner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0198-097","article-title":"Accelerated Alzheimer-type phenotype in transgenic mice carrying both mutant amyloid precursor protein and presenilin 1 transgenes.","volume":"4","author":"Holcomb","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B34","first-page":"32","article-title":"Accidental children poisoning with methadone: an Iranian pediatric sectional study.","volume":"7","author":"Jabbehdari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.004","article-title":"Polydrug abuse: a review of opioid and benzodiazepine combination use.","volume":"125","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2013.05.007","article-title":"Categorising methadone: addiction and analgesia.","volume":"24","author":"Keane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Drug Policy"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2007.9.2\/hkleber","article-title":"Pharmacologic treatments for opioid dependence: detoxification and maintenance options.","volume":"9","author":"Kleber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01990.x","article-title":"The role of methadone in cancer pain treatment\u2013a review.","volume":"63","author":"Leppert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033809","article-title":"White matter abnormalities correlating with memory and depression in heroin users under methadone maintenance treatment.","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(24)12182-7","article-title":"Modulation of Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity by acute and chronic morphine administration in rat hippocampus: differential regulation of \u03b1 and \u03b2 isoforms.","volume":"55","author":"Lou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2006.07.006","article-title":"Onset of symptoms after methadone overdose.","volume":"25","author":"LoVecchio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.05.020","article-title":"Effects of morphine and its withdrawal on Y-maze spatial recognition memory in mice.","volume":"147","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0984-8","article-title":"NMDA receptor antagonists inhibit opiate antinociceptive tolerance and locomotor sensitization in rats.","volume":"196","author":"Mendez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ni.2013.e13","article-title":"Delayed post-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy: case report with a review of disease pathophysiology.","volume":"5","author":"Meyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol. Int."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-007-0635-6","article-title":"Severe cerebellitis following methadone poisoning.","volume":"38","author":"Mills","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Radiol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.53.4.277","article-title":"Methadone deaths: a toxicological analysis.","volume":"53","author":"Milroy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.10.008","article-title":"Opioid abuse and cognitive performance.","volume":"78","author":"Mintzer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00013-3","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in methadone maintenance patients.","volume":"67","author":"Mintzer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/716494","article-title":"Methadone-induced delayed posthypoxic encephalopathy: clinical, radiological, and pathological findings.","volume":"2010","author":"Mittal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Case Rep. Med."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1225-0","article-title":"Methadone deaths: risk factors in pain and addicted populations.","volume":"25","author":"Modesto-Lowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl207","article-title":"Association between availability of heroin and methadone and fatal poisoning in England and Wales 1993\u20132004.","volume":"35","author":"Morgan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.10.019","article-title":"Growth hormone is protective against acute methadone-induced toxicity by modulating the NMDA receptor complex.","volume":"339","author":"Nylander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"435","article-title":"A simple quantitative bradykinesia test in MPTP-treated mice.","volume":"50","author":"Ogawa","year":"1985","journal-title":"Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1276","article-title":"Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States.","volume":"15","author":"Paulozzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2010.07.024","article-title":"Methadone induces necrotic-like cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by an impairment of mitochondrial ATP synthesis.","volume":"1802","author":"Perez-Alvarez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"B56","first-page":"319","article-title":"Demonstration of methadone in the human brain by immunofluorescence.","volume":"11","author":"Pertschuk","year":"1975","journal-title":"Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.044784.116","article-title":"Role of the anterior cingulate cortex in the retrieval of novel object recognition memory after a long delay.","volume":"24","author":"Pezze","year":"2017","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e31829a78c3","article-title":"Methadone and illegal drugs in hair from children with parents in maintenance treatment or suspected for drug abuse in a German community.","volume":"35","author":"Pragst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.02.006","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone maintenance treatment.","volume":"84","author":"Prosser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-05-01914.2002","article-title":"Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to opiates.","volume":"22","author":"Pu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.06.032","article-title":"Methadone overdose causing acute cerebellitis and multi-organ damage.","volume":"34","author":"Rando","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13776","article-title":"Increases in drug and opioid overdose deaths\u2014United States, 2000\u20132014.","volume":"16","author":"Rudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1604339","article-title":"Treatment of opioid-use disorders.","volume":"375","author":"Schuckit","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2013.830732","article-title":"Methadone toxicity: comparing tablet and syrup formulations during a decade in an academic poison center of Iran.","volume":"51","author":"Shadnia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2007.00565.x","article-title":"Methadone toxicity fatalities: a review of medical examiner cases in a large metropolitan area.","volume":"52","author":"Shields","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(99)00143-8","article-title":"Impaired neuropsychological performance in chronic nonmalignant pain patients receiving long-term oral opioid therapy.","volume":"19","author":"Sj\u00f8gren","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"B67","first-page":"104","article-title":"Methadone related poisoning on the rise in Tehran.","volume":"3","author":"Soltaninejad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran. APJMT"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0751-x","article-title":"Chronic methadone treatment and repeated withdrawal impair cognition and increase the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in mouse brain.","volume":"193","author":"Tramullas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81827-9","article-title":"The essential role of hippocampal CA1 NMDA receptor\u2013dependent synaptic plasticity in spatial memory.","volume":"87","author":"Tsien","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12703\/P6-79","article-title":"Opioid-induced respiratory depression: reversal by non-opioid drugs.","volume":"6","author":"Van Der Schier","year":"2014","journal-title":"F1000prime Rep."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.11.006","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in methadone maintenance patients versus abstinent heroin abusers.","volume":"78","author":"Verdejo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(00)00157-2","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of methadone in the human brain.","volume":"112","author":"Wehner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.1.152","article-title":"Delayed postanoxic demyelination and arylsulfatase-A pseudodeficiency.","volume":"44","author":"Weinberger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.91934","article-title":"Buprenorphine vs methadone treatment: a review of evidence in both developed and developing worlds.","volume":"3","author":"Whelan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Rural Pract."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.12.007","article-title":"Reversal of opioid overdose syndrome in morphine-dependent rats using buprenorphine.","volume":"232","author":"Zamani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174272","article-title":"Locomotor activity: a distinctive index in morphine self-administration in rats.","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2018.01023\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T01:23:00Z","timestamp":1751851380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2018.01023\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2018.01023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2018.01023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]]},"article-number":"1023"}}