{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:39:18Z","timestamp":1790393958856,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T10:36:10Z","timestamp":1550140570000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cocaine Directly Inhibits \u03b16-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Human SH-EP1 Cells and Mouse VTA DA Neurons"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dejie","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenfei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaokuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason Brek","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanbing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongchang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zegang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taleen","family":"Der-Ghazarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Neisewander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Whiteaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanxi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2014.00019","article-title":"Cocaine inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors influences dopamine release","volume":"6","author":"Acevedo-Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Synaptic Neurosci."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(02)00010-X","article-title":"Techniques: applications of the nerve-bouton preparation in neuropharmacology","volume":"24","author":"Akaike","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10138","article-title":"Expression of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit mRNAs within midbrain dopamine neurons","volume":"444","author":"Azam","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2004.07.005","article-title":"Effects of nicotinic and NMDA receptor channel blockers on intravenous cocaine and nicotine self-administration in mice","volume":"15","author":"Blokhina","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-173","article-title":"Acute cocaine-related health problems in patients presenting to an urban emergency department in Switzerland: a case series","volume":"7","author":"Bodmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9929","DOI":"10.1021\/jm3011299","article-title":"Structure-activity studies of 7-heteroaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-6-enes: a novel class of highly potent nicotinic receptor ligands","volume":"55","author":"Breining","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-131795","article-title":"Cocaine in high concentrations inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro","volume":"57","author":"Cagienard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.10.017","article-title":"Contribution of dihydro-beta-erythroidine sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the ventral tegmental area to cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats","volume":"168","author":"Champtiaux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2017.209","article-title":"Pharmacological and functional comparisons of alpha6\/alpha3beta2beta3-nAChRs and alpha4beta2-nAChRs heterologously expressed in the human epithelial SH-EP1 cell line","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10759","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1703-16.2016","article-title":"Cocaine exposure enhances the activity of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons via calcium-impermeable NMDARs","volume":"36","author":"Creed","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2009.11.001","article-title":"The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist varenicline and the treatment of drug dependence: a review","volume":"20","author":"Crunelle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1229","article-title":"Pharmacological characterization of nicotine\u2019s interaction with cocaine and cocaine analogs","volume":"289","author":"Damaj","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.09.009","article-title":"In vivo activation of midbrain dopamine neurons via sensitized, high-affinity alpha 6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"60","author":"Drenan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-01-00100.1988","article-title":"Electrophysiological effects of cocaine in the mesoaccumbens dopamine system: studies in the ventral tegmental area","volume":"8","author":"Einhorn","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.113.087346","article-title":"alpha4alpha6beta2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation on ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons is sufficient to stimulate a depolarizing conductance and enhance surface AMPA receptor function","volume":"84","author":"Engle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.58.1.109","article-title":"Subtype-selective inhibition of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by cocaine is determined by the alpha4 and beta4 subunits","volume":"58","author":"Francis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13814","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1943-10.2010","article-title":"Mechanisms involved in systemic nicotine-induced glutamatergic synaptic plasticity on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area","volume":"30","author":"Gao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.185538","article-title":"Effects of varenicline on the reinforcing and discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in rhesus monkeys","volume":"339","author":"Gould","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.03.067","article-title":"Galanthamine and non-competitive inhibitor binding to ACh-binding protein: evidence for a binding site on non-alpha-subunit interfaces of heteromeric neuronal nicotinic receptors","volume":"369","author":"Hansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"396","article-title":"Different effects of cocaine and nomifensine on dopamine uptake in the caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens","volume":"274","author":"Jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-05-01452.2001","article-title":"Molecular and physiological diversity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the midbrain dopaminergic nuclei","volume":"21","author":"Klink","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.117.4.860","article-title":"Behavioral depression during cocaine withdrawal is associated with decreased spontaneous activity of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons","volume":"117","author":"Koeltzow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(00)00144-1","article-title":"Human alpha6 AChR subtypes: subunit composition, assembly, and pharmacological responses","volume":"39","author":"Kuryatov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.12.010","article-title":"alpha4beta2 Nicotinic receptor desensitizing compounds can decrease self-administration of cocaine and methamphetamine in rats","author":"Levin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107ra109","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003062","article-title":"Molecular mechanism for a gateway drug: epigenetic changes initiated by nicotine prime gene expression by cocaine","volume":"3","author":"Levine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e103244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103244","article-title":"Efficient expression of functional (alpha6beta2)2beta3 AChRs in Xenopus oocytes from free subunits using slightly modified alpha6 subunits","volume":"9","author":"Ley","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00894-011-1293-z","article-title":"Structural determinants of imidacloprid-based nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitors identified using 3D-QSAR, docking and molecular dynamics","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Model."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.325","article-title":"Effects of chronic varenicline treatment on nicotine, cocaine, and concurrent nicotine + cocaine self-administration","volume":"39","author":"Mello","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023373","article-title":"Discriminative and reinforcing stimulus effects of nicotine, cocaine, and cocaine + nicotine combinations in rhesus monkeys","volume":"19","author":"Mello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4188","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.48.9021","article-title":"Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Moorman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0010-05.2005","article-title":"Repeated cocaine administration increases voltage-sensitive calcium currents in response to membrane depolarization in medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons","volume":"25","author":"Nasif","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1504","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric effects of cocaine use disorders","volume":"97","author":"Nnadi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Natl. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.07.044","article-title":"Nicotine produces long-term increases in cocaine reinforcement in adolescent but not adult rats","volume":"1654","author":"Reed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2820058","article-title":"Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine","volume":"237","author":"Ritz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00021-7","article-title":"Drugs of abuse and stress trigger a common synaptic adaptation in dopamine neurons","volume":"37","author":"Saal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.177","article-title":"Differential roles of alpha6beta2* and alpha4beta2* neuronal nicotinic receptors in nicotine- and cocaine-conditioned reward in mice","volume":"40","author":"Sanjakdar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1314997111","article-title":"Crystal structures of a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel provide a mechanism for activation","volume":"111","author":"Sauguet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3269","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-08-03269.2002","article-title":"Psychostimulant-induced behavioral sensitization depends on nicotinic receptor activation","volume":"22","author":"Schoffelmeer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2009.07.015","article-title":"Differences between nicotine and cocaine-induced conditioned place preferences","volume":"81","author":"Sershen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2014.970168","article-title":"Development of in vivo drug-induced neurotoxicity models","volume":"10","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3109\/15622970209150616","article-title":"A pilot controlled trial of transdermal nicotine in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"3","author":"Shytle","year":"2002","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.041","article-title":"Cocaine use and risk of stroke: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Sordo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12559","article-title":"alpha6 subunit-containing nicotinic receptors mediate low-dose ethanol effects on ventral tegmental area neurons and ethanol reward","volume":"23","author":"Steffensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4925","article-title":"Modulation of dopamine release in the striatum by physiologically relevant levels of nicotine","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301585","article-title":"The role of acetylcholine in cocaine addiction","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37842","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400335200","article-title":"beta-Amyloid directly inhibits human alpha4beta2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors heterologously expressed in human SH-EP1 cells","volume":"279","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.114645","article-title":"Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta subunits in function of human alpha4-containing nicotinic receptors","volume":"576","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.07.067","article-title":"Naturally-expressed nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes","volume":"82","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2009.65","article-title":"Nicotine modulates GABAergic transmission to dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta","volume":"30","author":"Xiao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2016.50","article-title":"Competitive antagonists facilitate the recovery from desensitization of alpha1beta2gamma2 GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes","volume":"37","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3003-10.2011","article-title":"Functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing alpha6 subunits are on GABAergic neuronal boutons adherent to ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.162743","article-title":"Distinctive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor functional phenotypes of rat ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons","volume":"587","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2009.63","article-title":"Mysterious alpha6-containing nAChRs: function, pharmacology, and pathophysiology","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2009.48","article-title":"Kinetics of desensitization and recovery from desensitization for human alpha4beta2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors stably expressed in SH-EP1 cells","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(00)00224-4","article-title":"Nicotine receptor inactivation decreases sensitivity to cocaine","volume":"24","author":"Zachariou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0598-6","article-title":"Differential effects of nicotinic antagonists perfused into the nucleus accumbens or the ventral tegmental area on cocaine-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of mice","volume":"190","author":"Zanetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.301.3.1119","article-title":"Repeated cocaine treatment decreases whole-cell calcium current in rat nucleus accumbens neurons","volume":"301","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00488.1998","article-title":"Whole-cell plasticity in cocaine withdrawal: reduced sodium currents in nucleus accumbens neurons","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00072\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T10:36:14Z","timestamp":1550140574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00072\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2019.00072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00072","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]]},"article-number":"72"}}