{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:43:30Z","timestamp":1792226610224,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T05:01:23Z","timestamp":1576040483000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Six-Year Immunologic Recovery and Virological Suppression of HIV Patients on LPV\/r-Based Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment: A Multi-Center Real-World Cohort Study in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liumei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiju","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiping","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuiqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaokai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingxia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxia","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanfang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.2174\/1570162X1303150506181434","article-title":"Immunological and virological outcomes of patients switched from LPV\/r to ATV\/r-containing second-line regimens","volume":"13","author":"Akanmu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. HIV Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2174\/157016212799937218","article-title":"Week 96 efficacy, virology and safety of Darunavir\/r versus lopinavir\/r in treatment-experienced patients in Titan","volume":"10","author":"B\u00e1nhegyi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. HIV Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000709","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of three second-line antiretroviral regimens in HIV-infected patients in Africa","volume":"29","author":"Ciaffi","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1185\/030079905X65439","article-title":"Comparison of atazanavir with lopinavir\/ritonavir in patients with prior protease inhibitor failure: a randomized multinational trial","volume":"21","author":"Cohen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182278c29","article-title":"Genotypic resistance at viral rebound among patients who received lopinavir\/ritonavir-based or efavirenz-based first antiretroviral therapy in South Africa","volume":"58","author":"Dlamini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/25374","article-title":"Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection","volume":"396","author":"Douek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-14-14","article-title":"High efficacy of lopinavir\/r-based second-line antiretroviral treatment after 24 months of follow up at E S T H E R\/Calmette Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia","volume":"14","author":"Ferradini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Int. AIDS Soc"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181bcdac1","article-title":"High rates of survival, immune reconstitution, and virologic suppression on second-line antiretroviral therapy in South Africa","volume":"53","author":"Fox","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182557785","article-title":"Rates and Predictors of Failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy and Switch to second-line ART in South Africa","volume":"60","author":"Fox","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69158-7","article-title":"The WHO public-health approach to antiretroviral treatment against HIV in resource-limited settings","volume":"368","author":"Gilks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120705","article-title":"Week 120 efficacy of tenofovir, lamivudine and lopinavir\/r-based second-line antiretroviral therapy in treatment-experienced HIV patients","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1310\/hct1306-308","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of lopinavir\/ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected women","volume":"13","author":"Hermes","year":"2012","journal-title":"HIV Clin. Trials"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832ac34e","article-title":"The public health approach to identify antiretroviral therapy failure: high-level nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance among Malawians failing first-line antiretroviral therapy","volume":"23","author":"Hosseinipour","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00890","article-title":"Assessing the efficacy of lopinavir\/ritonavir-based preferred and alternative second-line regimens in HIV-infected patients: A meta-analysis of key evidence to support WHO recommendations","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.7507\/1672-2531.201711112","article-title":"Real world study using observational designs: plan for potient registry study and development of registry database","volume":"17","author":"Jing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin. J. Evidenced-based Med."},{"key":"B16","article-title":"Life expectancies of HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral treatment in South Africa. Actuarial Society of South Africa\u2019s 2012 Convention 16\u201317 October 2012, Cape Town International Conventional Centre","author":"Johnson","year":"2012"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e258","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)30011-X","article-title":"Raltegravir in second-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings (SELECT): a randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority study","volume":"3","author":"La Rosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17985","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.15.2.17985","article-title":"Virological failure rates and HIV-1 drug resistance patterns in patients on first-line antiretroviral treatment in semirural and rural Gabon","volume":"15","author":"Li\u00e9geois","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Int. AIDS Soc"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832d7350","article-title":"Once-daily Darunavir\/ritonavir vs. lopinavir\/ritonavir in treatment-naive, HIV-1-infected patients: 96-week analysis","volume":"23","author":"Mills","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-4-201108160-00358","article-title":"Life expectancy of persons receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in low-income countries: a cohort analysis from Uganda","volume":"155","author":"Mills","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328339fe53","article-title":"Estimated glomerular filtration rate, chronic kidney disease and antiretroviral drug use in HIV-positive patients","volume":"24","author":"Mocroft","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.120170","article-title":"Early outcome of second line antiretroviral therapy in treatment-experienced human immunodeficiency virus positive patients","volume":"4","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perspect. Clin. Res."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1311274","article-title":"Assessment of second-line antiretroviral regimens for HIV therapy in Africa","volume":"371","author":"Paton","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282fa75b9","article-title":"Second-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings: the experience of M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res","volume":"22","author":"Pujades-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit043","article-title":"Association between antiretroviral exposure and renal impairment among HIV-positive persons with normal baseline renal function: the D:A:D study","volume":"207","author":"Ryom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb1609216","article-title":"Real-world evidence - what is it and what can it tell us","volume":"375","author":"Sherman","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb1609216","article-title":"Real-World Evidence - What Is It and What Can It Tell Us","volume":"375","author":"Sherman","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3121","article-title":"Life expectancy after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Thailand","volume":"22","author":"Teeraananchai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther. (Lond.)"},{"key":"B29","volume-title":"Global report on the global AIDS epidemic","year":"2018"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1086\/319678","article-title":"Influence of age on CD4 cell recovery in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: evidence from the EuroSIDA study","volume":"183","author":"Viard","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2008.0173","article-title":"Consistent ART adherence is associated with improved quality of life, CD4 counts, and reduced hospital costs in Central China","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01455\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T05:01:25Z","timestamp":1576040485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01455\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2019.01455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01455","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"article-number":"1455"}}