{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:02:54Z","timestamp":1791388974512,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008903","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008903","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly complex pathophysiologic disease, which shows low recovery and high relapse rates. Therefore, a growing number of clinicians and patients are looking for alternative herbal medicine. <jats:italic>Banha-Sasim-Tang<\/jats:italic> (BST) is an herbal prescription for treating a wide range of dyspepsia in traditional Korean medicine (TKM).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim of the study:<\/jats:bold> This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of BST on FD in patients with psychological stress-related symptoms and to investigate the involvement of ghrelin. This study is registered at <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/cris.nih.go.kr\/<\/jats:ext-link>with the identification number KCT 0002811.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods:<\/jats:bold> A total of 31 participants with FD who met the Rome IV criteria and the psychological stress-related pattern were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, and controlled study. Participants were randomly assigned to the BST group (10\u00a0g twice daily for 4\u00a0weeks) or placebo group. The primary endpoint was a change in the Nepean Dyspepsia Index\u2013Korean (NDI-K) score. The secondary endpoints were changes in the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and plasma ghrelin level.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> All participants completed the study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 15 for BST, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 16 for placebo). BST decreased NDI-K scores compared with placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant (37.40 \u00b1 27.40 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 22.50 \u00b1 23.85, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.12). VAS scores and plasma total ghrelin levels were significantly improved in patients who were treated with BST (3.19 \u00b1 1.60 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.38 \u00b1 2.85, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 for VAS and 105.69 \u00b1 287.89 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> -142.31 \u00b1 314.32, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 for total ghrelin). No BST-related adverse effects were observed during the trial.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Our results indicate the clinical potential of BST for FD patients and are the first study to show the modulation of plasma ghrelin as one of its corresponding mechanisms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold><jats:ext-link>https:\/\/cris.nih.go.kr\/<\/jats:ext-link>, identifier KCT 0002811.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.636752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T06:25:17Z","timestamp":1618899917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Beneficial Potential of Banha-Sasim-Tang for Stress-Sensitive Functional Dyspepsia via Modulation of Ghrelin: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sul-Ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Yong","family":"Joung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yo-Chan","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Chul","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Gue","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2018.0222","article-title":"The Diagnosis and treatment of functional dyspepsia","volume":"115","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int."},{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.07.002","article-title":"Stress-related alteration of acyl and desacyl ghrelin circulating levels: mechanisms and functional implications","volume":"32","author":"Andreas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.010908.163221","article-title":"Neuroendocrine control of the gut during stress: corticotropin-releasing factor signaling pathways in the spotlight","volume":"71","author":"Andreas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. 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