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We investigated whether post-trauma chronic treatment with the GABA-ergic agent tiagabine and dopamine-mimetic pramipexole affected the behavioral outcome and plasma levels of corticosterone, testosterone, or 17\u03b2-estradiol in female and male mice. These medications were investigated due to their potential capacity to restore GABA-ergic and dopaminergic deficits in PTSD. Animals were exposed to a single prolonged stress procedure (mSPS). Following 13\u00a0days treatment with tiagabine (10\u00a0mg\/kg) or pramipexole (1\u00a0mg\/kg) once daily, the PTSD-like phenotype was examined in the fear conditioning paradigm. Plasma hormones were measured almost immediately following the conditioned fear assessment. We report that the exposure to mSPS equally enhanced conditioned fear in both sexes. However, while males demonstrated decreased plasma corticosterone, its increase was observed in females. Trauma elevated plasma testosterone in both sexes, but it had no significant effects on 17\u03b2-estradiol. Behavioral manifestation of trauma was reduced by pramipexole in both sexes and by tiagabine in females only. While neither compound affected corticosterone in stressed animals, testosterone levels were further enhanced by tiagabine in females. This study shows sex-dependent efficacy of tiagabine but not pramipexole in a mouse model of PTSD-like symptoms and a failure of steroid hormones\u2019 levels to predict PTSD treatment efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.691598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T04:48:23Z","timestamp":1625028503000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sex, Pramipexole and Tiagabine Affect Behavioral and Hormonal Response to Traumatic Stress in a Mouse Model of PTSD"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Malikowska-Racia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Salat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Gdula-Argasinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Popik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(01)01253-7","article-title":"Salivary Cortisol, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and General Health in the Acute Phase and during 9-month Follow-Up","volume":"50","author":"Aardal-Eriksson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. 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