{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T14:24:57Z","timestamp":1793975097865,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uveitis is an inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina, or choroid, which has been shown to be the first manifestation of numerous systemic diseases. Studies about the immunopathogenesis and treatment of uveitis are helpful to comprehend systemic autoimmune diseases, and delay the progression of systemic autoimmune diseases, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a pivotal role in intraocular inflammation based on experimental and clinical data. Evidence of the feasibility of using anti-TNF-\u03b1 agents for uveitis management has increased. Although there are numerous studies on TNF-\u03b1 in various autoimmune diseases, the pathological mechanism and research progress of TNF-\u03b1 in uveitis have not been reviewed. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a background on the role of TNF-\u03b1 in the immunopathogenesis of uveitis, as well as from bench to clinical research progress, to better guide TNF-\u03b1-based therapeutics for uveitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.740057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:34:44Z","timestamp":1635813284000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["TNF-\u03b1 in Uveitis: From Bench to Clinic"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohuai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runping","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianggui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenru","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-325225","article-title":"Historical Perspectives on Tumor Necrosis Factor and its Superfamily: 25 Years Later, a Golden Journey","volume":"119","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)89560-6","article-title":"Human Tumor Necrosis Factor. 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