{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:58:25Z","timestamp":1788965905718,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Melissa officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. is used in traditional European and Iranian folk medicines to treat a plethora of neurological diseases including epilepsy. We utilized the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> models of epilepsy to probe the anticonvulsant potentials of essential oil from <jats:italic>M. officinalis<\/jats:italic> (MO) to gain insight into the scientific basis for its applications in traditional medicine for the management of convulsive disorders. MO was evaluated for effects on maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) -induced seizures in mice, on 4\u2013aminopyridine (4-AP)-brain slice model of epilepsy and sustained repetitive firing of current clamped neurons; and its ameliorative effects were examined on seizure severity, anxiety, depression, cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuronal cell loss in PTZ-kindled rats. MO reversibly blocked spontaneous ictal-like discharges in the 4-AP-brain slice model of epilepsy and secondary spikes from sustained repetitive firing, suggesting anticonvulsant effects and voltage-gated sodium channel blockade. MO protected mice from PTZ\u2013 and MES\u2013induced seizures and mortality, and ameliorated seizure severity, fear-avoidance, depressive-like behavior, cognitive deficits, oxidative stress and neuronal cell loss in PTZ\u2013kindled rats. The findings warrant further study for the potential use of MO and\/or its constituent(s) as adjunctive therapy for epileptic patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.760674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T08:22:20Z","timestamp":1634199740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["New Insights Into the Anticonvulsant Effects of Essential Oil From Melissa officinalis L. 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