{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:59:59Z","timestamp":1790017199224,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients may be more susceptible to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), given their complex medication regimen and altered physiological state driven by a decline in kidney function. This study aimed to describe the relationship between <jats:italic>CYP3A5*3<\/jats:italic> polymorphism and the ADR of antihypertensive drugs in CKD patients. This retrospective, multi-center, observational cohort study was performed among adult CKD patients with a follow-up period of up to 3\u00a0years. ADRs were detected through medical records. <jats:italic>CYP3A5*3<\/jats:italic> genotyping was performed using the direct sequencing method. From the 200 patients recruited in this study, 33 (16.5%) were found to have ADRs related to antihypertensive drugs, with 40 ADRs reported. The most frequent ADR recorded was hyperkalemia (n = 8, 20.0%), followed by bradycardia, hypotension, and dizziness, with 6 cases (15.0%) each. The most common suspected agents were angiotensin II receptor blockers (n = 11, 27.5%), followed by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (n = 9, 22.5%). The <jats:italic>CYP3A5*3<\/jats:italic> polymorphism was not found to be associated with antihypertensive-related ADR across the genetic models tested, despite adjustment for other possible factors through multiple logistic regression (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05). After adjusting for possible confounding factors, the factors associated with antihypertensive-related ADR were anemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.438, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.002, 14.288) and poor medication adherence (aOR 3.512, 95% CI: 1.470, 8.388). In conclusion, the <jats:italic>CYP3A5*3<\/jats:italic> polymorphism was not found to be associated with ADRs related to antihypertensives in CKD patients, which requires further verification by larger studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.848804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T04:26:55Z","timestamp":1647232015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adverse Drug Reactions of Antihypertensives and CYP3A5*3 Polymorphism Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fei Yee","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farida","family":"Islahudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Halim","family":"Abdul Gafor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hin-Seng","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Bavanandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamin","family":"Mohd Saffian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adyani","family":"Md Redzuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Makmor-Bakry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515690X18765945","DOI":"10.1177\/2515690X18765945","article-title":"Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Multiethnic Population: The Malaysian Cohort Study","volume":"23","author":"Abdullah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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