{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T02:09:05Z","timestamp":1787191745017,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016421","name":"Cardiovascular Medical Research and Education Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dexamethasone can be taken prophylactically to prevent hypobaric hypoxia-associated disorders of high-altitude. While dexamethasone-mediated protection against high-altitude disorders has been clinically evaluated, detailed sex-based mechanistic insights have not been explored. As part of our India-Leh-Dexamethasone-expedition-2020 (INDEX 2020) programme, we examined the phenotype of control (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 14) and dexamethasone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 13) groups, which were airlifted from Delhi (\u223c225\u00a0m elevation) to Leh, Ladakh (\u223c3,500\u00a0m), India, for 3\u00a0days. Dexamethasone 4\u00a0mg twice daily significantly attenuated the rise in blood pressure, heart rate, pulmonary pressure, and drop in SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>resulting from high-altitude exposure compared to control-treated subjects. Of note, the effect of dexamethasone was substantially greater in women than in men, in whom the drug had relatively little effect. Thus, for the first time, this study shows a sex-biased regulation by dexamethasone of physiologic parameters resulting from the hypoxic environment of high-altitude, which impacts the development of high-altitude pulmonary hypertension and acute mountain sickness. Future studies of cellular contributions toward sex-specific regulation may provide further insights and preventive measures in managing sex-specific, high-altitude\u2013related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.873867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T07:23:25Z","timestamp":1653031405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sexual Dimorphism of Dexamethasone as a Prophylactic Treatment in Pathologies Associated With Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Neha","family":"Chanana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsering","family":"Palmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhushan","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudhanshu","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish M.","family":"Palleda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohit D.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritushree","family":"Kukreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Faruq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tashi","family":"Thinlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian B.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qadar","family":"Pasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44049","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044049","article-title":"Interactions Among Vascular-Tone Modulators Contribute to High Altitude Pulmonary Edema and Augmented Vasoreactivity in Highlanders","volume":"7","author":"Ali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.650796","article-title":"Effect of Altitude on the Heart and the Lungs","volume":"116","author":"Ba\u0308rtsch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s14","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(03)15058-1","article-title":"High-altitude Adaptations","volume":"362","author":"Beall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1580\/07-WEME-OR-121.1","article-title":"Maximum Exercise Responses of Men and Women Mountaineering Trainees on Induction to High Altitude (4350 M) by Trekking","volume":"19","author":"Bhaumik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. 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