{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:05:51Z","timestamp":1783699551537,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Influenza virus-caused lung infection and its pandemic outbreaks are a persistent public health challenge. The H1N1 subtype is the most common type of influenza infection observed in humans. Maxingshigantang decoction, a classic formula of Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infection for many centuries. Qingfeiyin decoction, based on Maxingshigantang, has been used in the clinic for decades. To explore the underlying mechanisms, according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory \u201cthe lung and the large intestine are interior\u2013exterior,\u201d which can be translated to the \u201cgut\u2013lung axis\u201d in a contemporary term, the composition of gut microbiota was determined using 16S rRNA and the transcriptome of the colon was determined by RNA sequencing. The results showed that Qingfeiyin decoction decreased the viral load, alleviated the lung injury, increased the survival rate, partly restored the shortening of the colon caused by the H1N1 virus, and downregulated inflammatory pathways including MAPK, TNF\u03b1, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Qingfeiyin decoction increased the relative abundance of the genera of <jats:italic>Coprococcus<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic> and prevented the H1N1 virus-induced decrease in the abundance of the genera of <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Butyricimonas,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Anacrotruncus.<\/jats:italic> These results will help better understand the mechanisms for Qingfeiyin decoction\u2019s protective effect against influenza virus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.874068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T05:32:45Z","timestamp":1653283965000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Qingfeiyin Decoction Inhibits H1N1 Virus Infection via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Pathways in a Murine Model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xianping","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengde","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengjun","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqiong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoxing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1326042","article-title":"Anti-influenza Effect of the Major Flavonoids from Salvia Plebeia R.Br. 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