{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:18:48Z","timestamp":1793125128506,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2320-B-182A-014-MY3 110-2326-B-182A-003-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2320-B-182A-014-MY3 110-2326-B-182A-003-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CORPG3J0321-3 CORPG1J0011-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG3J0321-3 CORPG1J0011-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adverse drug reactions (ADR) remain the major problems in healthcare. Most severe ADR are unpredictable, dose-independent and termed as type B idiosyncratic reactions. Recent pharmacogenomic studies have demonstrated the strong associations between severe ADR and genetic markers, including specific HLA alleles (e.g., <jats:italic>HLA-B*15:02\/HLA-B*57:01\/HLA-A*31:01<\/jats:italic> for carbamazepine-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions [SCAR], <jats:italic>HLA-B*58:01<\/jats:italic> for allopurinol-SCAR, <jats:italic>HLA-B*57:01<\/jats:italic> for abacavir-hypersensitivity, <jats:italic>HLA-B*13:01<\/jats:italic> for dapsone\/co-trimoxazole-induced SCAR, and <jats:italic>HLA-A*33:01<\/jats:italic> for terbinafine-induced liver injury), drug metabolism enzymes (such as <jats:italic>CYP2C9*3<\/jats:italic> for phenytoin-induced SCAR and missense variant of <jats:italic>TPMT<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>NUDT15<\/jats:italic> for thiopurine-induced leukopenia), drug transporters (e.g., SLCO1B1 polymorphism for statin-induced myopathy), and T cell receptors (Sulfanilamide binding into the CDR3\/V\u03b1 of the TCR 1.3). This mini review article aims to summarize the current knowledge of pharmacogenomics of severe ADR, and the potentially clinical use of these genetic markers for avoidance of ADR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.886377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T09:54:35Z","timestamp":1650880475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["An Updated Review of Genetic Associations With Severe Adverse Drug Reactions: Translation and Implementation of Pharmacogenomic Testing in Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chuang-Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan Arni C.","family":"Preclaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"2515","article-title":"Abacavir Hypersensitivity","volume":"358","author":"Abel","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. 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