{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T02:37:02Z","timestamp":1788230222798,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at risk of malnutrition, cardiovascular complications, and all-cause mortality due to oxidative stress and inflammation. Some studies have demonstrated that rutin attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in CKD rats, but its effects in HD patients are unknown to date.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold> The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rutin and vitamin C versus vitamin C alone on oxidative stress and inflammation in HD patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>: A prospective randomized, open-label, controlled trial enrolled on hundred and five HD patients divided into three groups as follows: patients in group 1 were given a rutin\/vitamin C combination (Ruta C group as the combination trade name is known as Ruta C 60 tablets), patients in group 2 were given vitamin C (1\u00a0g) (vitamin C group), and group 3 was the control group; the study period was 16 weeks. The following were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study: serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), lipid profile levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> It was found that vitamin C significantly increased serum GPx in group 2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) compared to a non-significant result in both group 1 and 3; in addition, serum MDA and TNF-\u03b1 values had decreased significantly in the three groups compared to their baselines; however, a non-significant difference was seen among the studied groups at the end of the study. On the other hand, MDA levels were reduced by 50% in interventional groups compared to 28% in the control group, while the Ruta C group showed an 80% reduction in the level of TNF <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> compared to the 78% reduction observed in the vitamin C group, and finally, the interventional drugs showed a significant improvement in the lipid profile.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Vitamin C supplementation alone for 16\u00a0weeks had a potential effect on the antioxidant\u2019s GPx activity. Moreover, it was reported that both vitamin C alone or the rutin\/vitamin C combination (Ruta C) showed a protective role against lipid peroxidation, evidenced by the reduced levels of MDA. Finally, rutin had a favorable synergistic effect with vitamin C in reducing TG and TNF-\u03b1 levels and increasing HDL-C level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.961590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T06:37:34Z","timestamp":1662619054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of the combination effect of rutin and vitamin C supplementation on the oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Samia","family":"Omar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radwa Maher","family":"El Borolossy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Elsaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagwa A.","family":"Sabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.79.56.281","article-title":"Effect of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress and lipid profiles in hemodialysis patients","volume":"79","author":"Abdollahzad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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