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In this review, we focus on the roles and neurobiological mechanisms of the CNS adenosine and P1 receptors in these three states. Among them, A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and A<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub> receptors are key targets for sleep-wake regulation, A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>Rs and A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>Rs are very important for torpor induction, and activation of A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>Rs is sufficient for hibernation-like state.<\/jats:p><\/jats:caption><jats:graphic\/><\/jats:fig><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1098976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T05:09:24Z","timestamp":1678424964000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Adenosine and P1 receptors: Key targets in the regulation of sleep, torpor, and hibernation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wei-Xiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-Chuan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Xi","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lazarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Min","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Qun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Li","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2020.110889","article-title":"Suspended in time: Molecular responses to hibernation also promote longevity","volume":"134","author":"Al-Attar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. 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