{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:12:57Z","timestamp":1753891977325,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold> This study aimed to investigate the effects of topical liposomal clarithromycin in combination with <jats:italic>meglumine antimoniate<\/jats:italic> (Glucantime<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) on cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> This pilot, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on patients with CL lesions. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the first group received liposomal clarithromycin in combination with Glucantime for 28\u00a0days, while the second group received Glucantime and a placebo. Afterward, patients were followed up at 1.5, 3, and 6\u00a0months after treatment initiation and were evaluated for recovery time, induration, and size of the lesions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Sixty patients with CL lesions were divided into two separate groups with 30 members each and were examined. Within-group analysis revealed that recovery time in the clarithromycin group was 26.65 \u00b1 5.12\u00a0days, while in the placebo group, it was 32.84 \u00b1 24.43, which was statistically insignificant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.18). Lesion size comparison in the first and last follow-ups reduced in both groups: 7.73 \u00b1 4.31 to 0.48 \u00b1 0.50 in the clarithromycin group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) and 5.47 \u00b1 5.83 to 0.76 \u00b1 0.88 in the placebo group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). Moreover, the size of lesions in the intervention group was significantly reduced compared to that in the placebo group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Recognizable induration reduction was observed in the clarithromycin group (2.60 \u00b1 0.77 to 1.0 \u00b1 0.00). No adverse effects attributable to clarithromycin were reported.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> The administration of liposomal clarithromycin in combination with systemic Glucantime had a significant beneficial effect on reducing lesion size in leishmaniasis. Further studies on larger populations are recommended.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:bold>: <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.irct.ir\/trial\/46611<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1280240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T07:18:00Z","timestamp":1699341480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of adjunctive topical liposomal clarithromycin on systemic Glucantime in Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a pilot clinical study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Atousa","family":"Hakamifard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Radmehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sokhanvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sherkat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirali","family":"Hariri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaleh","family":"Varshosaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zabihollah","family":"Shahmoradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Awat","family":"Feizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahareh","family":"Abtahi-Naeini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Pourmahdi-Boroujeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000446215","article-title":"Rosacea management","volume":"2","author":"Abokwidir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Skin. 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