{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:56:01Z","timestamp":1787241361143,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001713","name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSA2016S-1618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA2016S-1618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004441","name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSA2016S-1618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA2016S-1618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The World Health Organization recommends efficacy and safety surveillance of anti-helminths used in mass drug administration campaigns. We evaluated the effectiveness of single-dose praziquantel against\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, and the safety of praziquantel plus albendazole preventive chemotherapy (PC) in\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infected school children (n = 512) in Southern Ethiopia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Stool examinations were done using thick smear Kato-Katz at baseline, week-4, and week-8 of post-Mass drug administration (MDA) to assess praziquantel efficacy. Participants were followed for MDA-associated adverse events up to day 7 of post-MDA. The primary and secondary study outcomes were praziquantel efficacy (parasitological cure and egg reduction rates) and MDA-associated adverse events (AEs), respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Result:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The overall cure rates at week-4 and week-8 were 89.1% (95%CI = 86.1\u201391.7) and 87.5% (95%CI = 83.6\u201390.8), respectively. Cure rates among moderate-to-heavily infected children were significantly lower (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001) compared to those with light infection at week-4 (84.4% vs. 91.1%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.03) and week-8 (78.6% vs. 91.9%, respectively). Older children had a higher cure rate than younger ones at week-8 (90.1% vs. 79.5%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.01). Among those who were\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    egg-free (cured) at week 4, 7.8% became egg-positive at week 8. The overall egg reduction rate (ERR) at week-4 and week-8 were 93.5% and 91.3%, respectively, being lower among the 5\u20139 years old age groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.01) at week-8. The proportion of children who remained\n                    <jats:italic>schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    egg-positive throughout the study follow-up period was 4.6%, and their ERR at week-4 and week-8 was 50% and 51%, respectively, which is below the 90% World Health Organization threshold for efficacy. The incidence of experiencing at least one type of MDA-associated AEs were 17.0% (95%CI = 13.8%\u201320.5%); abdominal pain, headache, and vomiting were the most common. The proportion of mild, moderate, and severe AEs was 63.2%, 26.3%, and 10.5%, respectively. Females experienced more AEs than males (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.03).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Single-dose praziquantel is still effective for the treatment of intestinal schistosomiasis. Praziquantel and albendazole preventive chemotherapy is safe and tolerable, and associated AEs are mostly mild-to-moderate and transient. However, the reduced PZQ effectiveness in moderate-to-heavy infection and observed AEs in about one-fifth of infected children underscores the need for better treatment strategies and surveillance for early detection of parasite resistance and management of AEs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.968106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T01:03:36Z","timestamp":1677632616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Efficacy and safety of praziquantel preventive chemotherapy in Schistosoma mansoni infected school children in Southern Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tigist Dires","family":"Gebreyesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyasu","family":"Makonnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tafesse","family":"Tadele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalkidan","family":"Mekete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habtamu","family":"Gashaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heran","family":"Gerba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Aklillu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-15","article-title":"Epidemiological study on Schistosoma mansoni infection in Sanja area, Amhara region, Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Alebie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. 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