{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T11:04:34Z","timestamp":1793271874506,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Remimazolam besylate and Ciprofol are newer sedatives used in minor surgeries. Propofol is a classic drug mainly used for short surgeries. This trial was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate, ciprofol, and propofol during hysteroscopic surgeries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients undergoing hysteroscopy were randomly assigned to receive remimazolam besylate (Group R), ciprofol (Group C), or propofol (Group P). A total of 194 patients were assessed for eligibility. One patient in Group P was excluded because the operation had timed out of 60\u00a0min. Patients all in Group R\u3001Group C and Group P received an induction dose of 0.2\u00a0mg\/kg remimazolam besylate\u30010.4\u00a0mg\/kg ciprofol\u30012.0\u00a0mg\/kg propofol seperately over 30\u00a0s. A corresponding dosage of 1\u00a0mg\/kg\/h\u30010.6\u20131.2\u00a0mg\/kg\/h and 3.0\u20136.0\u00a0mg\/kg\/h was given by continuous intravenous infusion to maintain a BIS of 40\u201360 till the end of the surgery. The incidence rates of body movement, respiratory depression, and adverse effects were compared among the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of injection pain was much higher in Group P (64.1%) than that in Group R (3.4%) and Group C (3.2%, both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). The onset time was significantly shorter in Group P than that in Group R and Group C (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). The awakening time (MOAA\/S score = 3) was longest in Group R, followed by Groups C and Group P (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). The time to complete recovery (MOAA\/S score = 5) has no significantly difference between Group C and Group P, whereas the onset time was significantly shorter in Group R (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). The number of body movements was significantly higher in Group R than that in Group C and Group P (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). The incidence of hypotension was significantly lower in Group R than that in Group C and Group P (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). The rate of respiratory inhibition was significantly lower in Group R and Group C than that in Group P (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considering jointly the safety and efficacy, ciprofol seems to be the best choice for sedation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1427755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T06:21:39Z","timestamp":1736317299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate, ciprofol, and propofol during hysteroscopy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Weifeng","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuying","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengting","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gongchen","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiaomin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yini","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01782-7","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of ciprofol use for the induction of general anesthesia in patients undergoing gynecological surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S373772","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate versus dexmedetomidine for sedation in non-intubated older patients with agitated delirium after orthopedic surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Des. 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