{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:33:39Z","timestamp":1792794819003,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012173","name":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012173","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>Cordyceps sinensis<\/jats:italic> is a traditional Chinese medicine that has shown promise for the management of chronic bronchitis (CB). We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of a preparation of <jats:italic>C sinensis<\/jats:italic> named Bailing capsule (<jats:italic>Hirsutella sinensis<\/jats:italic>, Cs-C-Q80) compared with a placebo in patients with CB.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; registration number: ChiCTR1900025707) recruited patients with CB from eight hospitals in China between May 2019 and December 2020. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive Bailing capsule or a placebo orally for 48\u00a0weeks (2.0\u00a0g, three times a day).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Among 240 patients who were randomized, 238 (Bailing capsule: 159, placebo: 79) were included in the primary analysis. Bailing capsule significantly reduced the frequency of acute exacerbation of CB (AECB) compared with the placebo during treatment (0.43 \u00b1 0.82 vs. 1.56 \u00b1 1.34; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) and follow-up (0.21 \u00b1 0.64 vs. 0.45 \u00b1 0.93; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.026). Bailing capsule improved the severity of expectoration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.046) and wheezing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.010) in AECB during follow-up. The severity of CB after treatment was significantly improved in the Bailing capsule group compared with the placebo group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035), particularly in terms of expectoration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.012) and wheezing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). The risk of adverse events, mainly including infectious and invasive diseases and gastrointestinal symptoms, did not significantly differ between the two groups (29.6% vs. 30.4%).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> In patients with CB, Bailing capsule significantly reduces the frequency of AECB and ameliorates the severity of AECB and CB symptoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Trail Registration:<\/jats:bold><jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link>, identifer ChiCTR1900025707.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1428216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T20:55:22Z","timestamp":1723755322000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Efficacy and safety of Cordyceps sinensis (Hirsutella sinensis, Cs-C-Q80) in chronic bronchitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xinyang","family":"Shu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongfeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kehong","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuiling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongsheng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongchun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-122","article-title":"Characterisation of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort","volume":"11","author":"Agusti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Respir. 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